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Patient handout

STEMI in cardiac transplant recipient (CAV-driven)

PRODUCTION

1. Your condition

This handout is for stemi in cardiac transplant recipient (cav-driven). Your care team identified this based on: new st elevation ≥1 mm in ≥2 contiguous leads on ecg in cardiac transplant recipient.

Other reasons your team may use this plan: unexplained troponin rise + new lvef reduction on echo in transplant recipient (stemi-equivalent in denervated graft); transplant recipient (denervated graft) with new dyspnea / hemodynamic deterioration + st changes — silent ischemia pattern (no classic angina); known cav ishlt grade 2-3 + new lv dysfunction → emergent angiography for cav-driven stemi assessment.

2. Your medications

Take these medications exactly as prescribed. Do not stop or change a dose without talking to your provider.

MedicationStarting doseHowWhenWhat it does
aspirin162–325 mg load → 81 mgPO chewedload once → 81 mg dailyUniversal STEMI — ACC/AHA 2025 Class I; same as parent cardio.stemi.core.v1; no CNI interaction
ticagrelor180 mg load → 90 mg BIDPOBID × 12 moPLATO PMID 19717846; ACC/AHA 2025 Class I; minor CYP3A4 interaction with CNI but tolerated; clopidogrel acceptable alternative if drug-drug concerns
unfractionated heparin70–100 U/kg bolus → infusion to ACT 250–300 during PCIIVcontinuous, ACT-guidedACC/AHA 2025 Class I parenteral AC; reversible; renal-friendly; preferred over enoxaparin in transplant given CNI nephrotoxicity baseline
pravastatin40–80 mgPOdailyISHLT 2023 Class I + Kobashigawa NEJM 1995 PMID 7637810 — pravastatin is CYP3A4-neutral so does not interact with calcineurin inhibitors; standard transplant statin; AVOID simvastatin/lovastatin (CYP3A4 metabolised)
pitavastatin2–4 mgPOdailyCYP-neutral high-intensity statin alternative; ISHLT 2023 acceptable; consider if pravastatin insufficient for LDL target <70 (or <55 very-high-risk)
methylprednisolone1000 mg IV daily × 3 d (pulse therapy)IVdaily × 3ISHLT 2010 (Stewart PMID 21177015) — pulse steroids first line for ≥2R ACR; also adjunct in AMR; for STEMI patients with concurrent rejection on biopsy
tacrolimusMaintain trough 5–10 ng/mL late post-transplant; AVOID over-reductionPOBIDKDIGO transplant 2009 — narrow therapeutic window; sub-therapeutic trough is a modifiable rejection driver and may compound CAV-driven STEMI substrate
sirolimusTrough 4–8 ng/mL with CNI reductionPOdailyCAVS-1 / CRAD trial — mTOR inhibitor switch (with CNI reduction) slows CAV progression; consider after STEMI in transplant recipient with confirmed CAV substrate; NOT acute therapy
carvedilol3.125 mg BID titratePOBIDStandard post-MI BB per ACC/AHA 2025; denervated graft adrenergic response uncertain but BB still reasonable for HFrEF; CAPRICORN PMID 11356436 historical context

Plan: STEMI in cardiac transplant recipient — CAV-aware ACS bundle; CYP3A4-safe statin selection; AVOID NSAIDs absolutely; cautious CCB (CNI interactions); mTOR substitution for long-term CAV progression

3. When to call your provider

Contact your care team if any of the following happen:

  • New LV dysfunction → STAT biopsy + DSA + cath
  • CAV ISHLT 3 progression → re-transplant evaluation
  • PTLD suspicion → reduce immunosuppression + oncology consult
  • Recurrent ischemic event → urgent re-cath

4. When to seek emergency care

Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away if you have:

  • Coronary angiography + IVUS reveal diffuse small-vessel CAV without focal lesion suitable for PCI — medical management + re-transplant evaluation indicated(life-threatening)
  • Inadvertent NSAID administration to transplant recipient + creatinine rise — allograft nephrotoxicity + CNI synergistic AKI
  • Inadvertent administration of CYP3A4-metabolised statin (simvastatin / lovastatin) to transplant recipient on CNI — risk of toxic statin levels and rhabdomyolysis
  • STEMI in transplant recipient with biopsy-confirmed CAV ISHLT 3 + heart pumping strength (LVEF) <30 + non-recoverable graft — re-transplant listing decision(life-threatening)
  • Endomyocardial biopsy pAMR2 or pAMR3 + DSA positive in transplant recipient with STEMI — compounded ischemia + rejection requires multimodal therapy(life-threatening)

5. Follow-up

Transplant cardiology long-term: annual angio/IVUS for CAV; surveillance biopsy per program; mTOR inhibitor (sirolimus / everolimus) substitution for CNI to slow CAV progression per CAVS-1 / CRAD; statin maintenance (CYP3A4-safe); cardiac rehab; re-transplant listing if CAV ISHLT 3 with non-recoverable graft

6. Sources

Guideline: ISHLT 2010 ACR grading + ISHLT 2013 AMR working formulation + ISHLT 2023 update + 2025 ACC/AHA ACS Guideline (Rao) + KDIGO transplant 2009

  1. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21177015
  2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23446352
  3. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25997674