Clinical Commander

All dossiers
id.bacterial-meningitis.core.v1

Bacterial meningitis (acute, community-acquired)

infectious_diseaseacuteadultacuteinpatient

Healthcare-associated phenotype shares this dossier; consider splitting to id.healthcare-meningitis.core.v1 once IDSA/AAN 2017-specific atoms differentiate sufficiently. PMIDs include the foundational guideline + dexamethasone RCT. NICE NG240 + WHO 2023 lack PubMed PMIDs — referenced by primary_guideline label. PRODUCTION blocker: no dedicated test file. RxCUI verification via npm run research:rxnav:validate still pending. Deepened 2026-05-14 (shard-5-obped-id depth-pass-1): added co-located _briefs/id.bacterial-meningitis.core.v1.md + _research-bundles/id.bacterial-meningitis.core.v1.md. Added outpatient post-meningitis setting playbook (audiology 4-6 wk for ~30% sensorineural hearing loss in pneumococcal survivors per de Gans NEJM 2002 / Brouwer Cochrane 2010, neurocognitive screen if prolonged AMS, vaccination catch-up per ACIP — PCV20 / MenACWY / MenB / Hib by causative organism, antiseizure-medication taper plan if seizure at presentation, close-contact prophylaxis reinforcement). Added severity triggers: delayed_lp_or_abx_after_clinical_suspicion (Auburtin CCM 2006 PMID 16915106 antibiotic-timing-mortality, severe — analog to SSC Hour-1 bundle), raised_icp_features (life-threatening; Cushing reflex + GCS drop + posturing → mannitol / 3% hypertonic saline + neurosurgery), and acute_bacterial_meningitis_with_septic_shock (life-threatening; routes to id.sepsis.core.v1 with heparinised carryover state — organism, current empiric regimen, dex status, lactate, MAP, GCS, LP/CSF source-control plan). Appended PMIDs 17050894 (van de Beek NEJM 2006 community-acquired BM review), 21675979 (Thigpen NEJM 2011 US epidemiology), 2462558 (Spanos JAMA 1989 CSF/bedside LR derivation), 16878029 (Auburtin CCM 2006 antibiotic-timing-mortality) — evidence.pmids from 8 to 12. Phenotype matrix (organism: pneumococcus / meningococcus / Hib / Listeria / GBS-in-elderly × route: community / post-neurosurgical / VP-shunt-related × host: immunocompetent / immunocompromised / pregnant × complications: cerebral edema / hydrocephalus / vasculitis / cerebritis-abscess / hearing loss) is encoded indirectly via severity_triggers (age_over_50_or_immunocompromise, post_neurosurgical_or_device, petechial_purpuric_rash, acute_bacterial_meningitis_with_septic_shock, raised_icp_features) and via setting_playbook drug logic. First-class TS field for phenotype matrix is schema-blocked — deferred to shard schema proposal cache. Bayesian linkage (pre-test priors per van de Beek NEJM 2004 PMID 15509818 cohort; CSF LRs per Spanos JAMA 1989 PMID 2810603 — CSF WBC >1000 LR+ ~15, CSF:serum glucose <0.4 LR+ ~9, PMN >80% LR+ ~10; bedside Kernig/Brudzinski LR+ ~4-9 with poor sensitivity tempered by Thomas CID 2002 PMID 12353223; CSF lactate ≥3.5 mmol/L LR+ ~10-20 per Sakushima J Infect 2011; PCR for pneumococcus/meningococcus when prior abx given; T_treat ≈ 10-20% post-test bacterial meningitis = start dexamethasone + empiric abx within 1 h if GCS <14 OR petechial rash OR immunocompromise OR LP delay >30 min; T_test ≈ 5% in alert patient with viable alternative diagnosis; cross-dossier routing to id.sepsis.core.v1 for shock, neuro.status-epilepticus.core.v1 for status, id.bacterial-meningitis.peds.v1 for age <16, id.cryptococcal-meningitis.core.v1 if CD4 <100 + CrAg positive) is documented in the co-located _research-bundles/id.bacterial-meningitis.core.v1.md. ROS/DDx LR seed data audited by npm run audit:ros-ddx-coverage (cross-cutting; not touched by this shard). Prehospital recognition (NICE NG240 — single-dose IM benzylpenicillin or IV ceftriaxone if meningococcal disease suspected and transport delay anticipated) is partially encoded via the ED-setting required_assessments + non_drug_actions; a first-class "prehospital" DossierSetting value is schema-blocked, and the transitions[] array (admit/escalation/de-escalation pattern from sepsis dossier) was not authored in this pass — deferred.

Entry points (5)

  • symptom
    Fever + headache + neck stiffness (classic triad)
    fever_headache_neck_stiffness
  • symptom
    Altered mental status with fever
    altered_mental_status
  • symptom
    Petechial / purpuric rash (meningococcemia)
    petechial_rash
  • symptom
    New seizure with fever
    first_seizure_with_fever
  • lab_abnormality
    CSF pleocytosis on LP
    csf_pleocytosis

Required inputs (13)

  • temperaturerequired
    vital • used at CONTEXT
    Fever ≥38°C is one of the classic triad components and triggers empiric coverage
  • sbprequired
    vital • used at RED_FLAGS
    Hypotension drives SSC bundle activation (meningitis-with-shock phenotype)
  • hrrequired
    vital • used at CONTEXT
    Tachycardia component of qSOFA / SIRS
  • gcsrequired
    symptom • used at RED_FLAGS
    GCS <15 → CT before LP, broader empiric coverage, ICU disposition
  • immunocompromiserequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    HIV, transplant, steroids, age >50 → add ampicillin for Listeria
  • recent_neurosurgery_or_devicerequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Healthcare-associated phenotype → vancomycin + cefepime/meropenem (IDSA/AAN 2017)
  • csf_cell_countrequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Bacterial pattern: PMN-predominant pleocytosis, glucose <40, protein >100
  • csf_gram_stainrequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Gram stain narrows empiric → directed therapy
  • csf_culturerequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Drives narrowing + duration
  • blood_culturerequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    50-80% positive in pneumococcal/meningococcal — drawn before antibiotics
  • creatininerequired
    lab • used at TREATMENT
    Vancomycin AUC + cefepime/meropenem renal dosing
  • lactate
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Sepsis bundle if shock pattern
  • ct_head
    imaging • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Required before LP if focal deficit, GCS <14, papilledema, immunocompromise, new seizure

12-phase flow (11)

  1. 1FRAME
    Adult community-acquired bacterial meningitis. Healthcare-associated covered as phenotype; tuberculous / fungal / viral covered by sibling engines
    advance: scope confirmed
  2. 2ENTRY
    Recognise classic triad / atypical presentations / petechial rash
    inputs: gcs
    advance: one entry trigger present
  3. 3CONTEXT
    Age, immunocompromise, neurosurgery, vaccination history, recent abx
    inputs: temperature, hr, immunocompromise, recent_neurosurgery_or_device
    advance: risk modifiers captured
  4. 4RED_FLAGS
    Septic shock, raised ICP, focal deficit, refractory seizure → STAT empirics + ICU
    inputs: sbp, gcs
    actions: calc.qsofa
    advance: red flags acted on; CT-before-LP decision made
  5. 5INITIAL_WORKUP
    Blood cultures × 2 then dexamethasone + empiric antibiotics within 1h; CSF (cell count + glucose + protein + Gram + culture + PCR panel); CT head if indicated
    inputs: csf_cell_count, csf_gram_stain, csf_culture, blood_culture
    actions: panel.csf, panel.inflammation
    advance: cultures sent and empirics started — never delay antibiotics for LP if CT indicated
  6. 6DIFFERENTIAL
    Pneumococcus, meningococcus, Listeria (age >50 / immunocomp), H. influenzae, Gram-negative (post-neurosurg), TB, HSV encephalitis, viral aseptic, parameningeal
    inputs: csf_cell_count
    advance: organism profile narrowed by CSF + Gram + PCR
  7. 7RISK_STRATIFICATION
    GCS, focal deficits, seizures, shock, age, comorbidity drive ICU vs ward; SOFA / qSOFA for shock phenotype
    inputs: gcs, sbp
    actions: calc.sofa
    advance: severity assigned
  8. 8TREATMENT
    Dexamethasone 0.15 mg/kg q6h × 4d BEFORE/WITH first abx (de Gans NEJM 2002); ceftriaxone 2g q12h + vancomycin (AUC-targeted); add ampicillin if Listeria risk; add acyclovir if encephalitic features; tailor by Gram/culture; duration 7-21d by organism
    inputs: creatinine
    advance: empiric regimen started within 1h of suspicion; dexamethasone given for pneumococcal
  9. 9DISPOSITION
    ICU for GCS ≤12, shock, refractory seizure, raised ICP; otherwise step-down monitored bed
    inputs: gcs, sbp
    advance: level-of-care determined
  10. 10MONITORING
    Neuro checks q1-2h, repeat LP only if no improvement at 48h or resistant pneumococcus, vancomycin AUC, hearing assessment pre-discharge
    inputs: creatinine
    actions: panel.renal
    advance: clinical + lab response documented
  11. 11FOLLOWUP
    Audiology within 4 weeks (sensorineural hearing loss in pneumococcal); neurology if deficits; close-contact prophylaxis for meningococcal (rifampin / cipro / CTX); vaccinate functionally asplenic / complement-deficient
    advance: audiology + public-health notification + vaccination plan complete