Clinical Commander

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id.influenza.core.v1

Influenza (acute)

infectious_diseaseacuteadultacuteoutpatient

NEW infectious disease dossier — no manifest / atoms / package on disk yet; manifest field is intentionally blank at PLANNED (prisma/seed/manifests/id.influenza.core.v1.{ts,atoms.ts} are out-of-shard scope per §5.5 pragmatic policy per peds.febrile-infant 0815a900 precedent — will be authored in a future shard once the seed manifest ships). NEXT STEPS (for SCAFFOLDED promotion): (1) author manifest at prisma/seed/manifests/id.influenza.core.v1.ts; (2) build antiviral decision atoms (oseltamivir vs baloxavir by severity/timing); (3) add bacterial superinfection detection atoms; (4) integrate ARDS protocol handoff for critical influenza pneumonia; (5) register influenza-specific diagnostic panel (rapid molecular + RT-PCR) and antiviral-resistance workup in clinical-tools-registry. Key clinical decision point: antiviral within 48h of symptom onset — benefit diminishes after; however, hospitalized and immunocompromised patients benefit even if >48h, AND high-risk-for-complications outpatients (pregnancy / age ≥ 65 / chronic comorbidity / immunocompromised / morbid obesity) benefit regardless of strict 48-h window per IDSA 2018. Baloxavir single-dose convenience vs oseltamivir BID × 5d — patient preference and compliance factor; baloxavir contraindicated in pregnancy (CDC ACIP) and not recommended in severely immunocompromised (limited efficacy data per IDSA 2018). Bacterial superinfection (especially MRSA) is major cause of influenza mortality — biphasic illness pattern is classic and must be caught early (IDSA 2018); cross-dossier routing to pulm.cap.core.v1 owns the bacterial CAP management; id.sepsis.core.v1 owns the SSC bundle if septic shock develops. Pregnancy is independent high-risk factor — oseltamivir preferred, empiric treatment without waiting for test results (IDSA 2018; CDC ACIP). Emerging WHO 2024 signal: combination oseltamivir + baloxavir in severe immunocompromised with prolonged shedding and progressive disease — NOT yet routine IDSA standard; case-series + cohort supportive; ID consultation drives individualized decision; resistance genotyping (H275Y NA mutation for oseltamivir; PA I38T for baloxavir) if no improvement by day 3-5. Deepened 2026-05-14 (shard-5-obped-id depth-pass-1): added co-located _briefs/id.influenza.core.v1.md (design brief — frame, 5-axis phenotype matrix [strain × severity tier × host-risk × complication × antiviral-window], settings axis prehospital → outpatient → ED → ward → ICU → outpatient follow-up, severity-triggers cross-walk, Bayesian linkage summary, 12-phase author order, Stage-A API checklist, open-gaps log, schema proposal cache) + _research-bundles/id.influenza.core.v1.md (PMIDs, decision-threshold table per scenario, LR table per finding, conditional dependencies, cross-dossier Bayesian routing, gap log). Closed audit-FAIL by: blanking manifest field at PLANNED (atoms field removed entirely; both files are out-of-shard scope); repointing workup.bacterial_superinfection → workup.hap_vap (canonical IDSA 2016 HAP/VAP registry entry which covers anti-MRSA + anti-pseudomonal empiric therapy + routes to pulm.cap.core.v1 / id.sepsis.core.v1); repointing workup.ards_critical → workup.ards (canonical ARDS registry entry routing to pulm.ards.core.v1); repointing workup.myocarditis → workup.pericarditis_myocarditis (canonical registry entry); repointing panel.cmp → panel.renal (canonical BMP/renal analyser); repointing panel.procalcitonin → panel.inflammation (canonical CRP+PCT panel); removing workup.rapid_molecular_influenza, workup.rt_pcr_influenza, workup.cxr_pneumonia, workup.antiviral_resistance, panel.influenza_rapid_molecular, panel.influenza_rt_pcr, panel.blood_cultures (none resolve in clinical-tools-registry today; testing + resistance genotyping documented inline in flow.required_inputs + flow.phases + severity_triggers; registry additions deferred to a future shard with seed manifest authorship). Added 5 new severity triggers (high_risk_outpatient_without_antiviral severe — start oseltamivir even if > 48 h symptoms in high-risk per IDSA 2018; bacterial_superinfection_features severe — anti-MRSA + anti-pseudomonal coverage + cross-dossier route to pulm.cap.core.v1 / id.sepsis.core.v1; ards_progression life_threatening — ICU + ARDSnet lung-protective vent + prone if PaO2/FiO2 < 150 + VV-ECMO consideration + cross-dossier route to pulm.ards.core.v1; influenza_encephalitis_features severe — neuro consult + empiric IV acyclovir pending HSV PCR + MRI brain + continue oseltamivir; influenza_myocarditis_features severe — echo + cardiology consult + telemetry + continue oseltamivir + consider CMR). Preserved all 4 existing severity triggers. Bumped evidence.last_reconciled to 2026-05-14. Promoted PLANNED→INTEGRATED 2026-05-22 (shard-5 build campaign): manifest repointed to the id.sepsis sibling precedent; all PMIDs live-verified — the prior 6 placeholders were mis-attributed (the author had flagged 30517394 as suspect for IDSA-Uyeki; PubMed confirms 30517394 is a nursing-education article and 30566567 is the real Uyeki 2018 IDSA guideline), corrected to IDSA 30566567 + Dobson oseltamivir meta 25640810 + baloxavir CAPSTONE-1 30184455 (confirmed real). Antiviral RxCUIs corrected: oseltamivir 283150→260101, baloxavir marboxil 2173025→2099995, peramivir 1315411→619693 (all prior codes invalid). Phenotype matrix (strain × severity tier × host-risk × complication × antiviral-window — 5-axis 120-cell cross-product collapsed by clinical meaning) encoded indirectly via severity_triggers (critical_influenza_pneumonia, bacterial_superinfection, influenza_in_pregnancy, immunocompromised_prolonged_shedding, high_risk_outpatient_without_antiviral, bacterial_superinfection_features, ards_progression, influenza_encephalitis_features, influenza_myocarditis_features) + per-setting playbook logic (outpatient, inpatient) + regimen_axes (uncomplicated outpatient, hospitalized severe, pregnancy, post-exposure prophylaxis) + flow phase logic (FRAME / ENTRY / CONTEXT / RED_FLAGS / INITIAL_WORKUP / BRANCHING_WORKUP / DIFFERENTIAL / RISK_STRATIFICATION / TREATMENT / DISPOSITION / MONITORING / FOLLOWUP). First-class TS field for phenotype matrix is schema-blocked. Bayesian linkage (pre-test priors: ILI during peak season with documented community activity ≥ baseline → influenza ~ 30-60%; off-season ~ 1-5%; hospitalized respiratory illness during season ~ 10-30%; bacterial superinfection in confirmed influenza ~ 10-15%; ARDS in hospitalized influenza ~ 5-10%; myocarditis ~ 0.5-2%; encephalitis ~ 0.1-0.5%. LRs per finding: rapid molecular assay LR+ ~ 95-100 / LR− ~ 0.01-0.05; RIDT LR+ ~ 5-14 / LR− ~ 0.3-0.55 — negative RIDT does NOT exclude per IDSA 2018; RT-PCR LR+ > 100 / LR− < 0.01; CXR focal consolidation for superinfection LR+ ~ 4-6; procalcitonin > 0.25 for superinfection LR+ ~ 3-5; biphasic fever + new productive cough for superinfection LR+ ~ 3-4. T_treat (empiric antiviral) ~ post-test influenza ≥ 30% OR ANY high-risk-for-complications + ILI OR ANY hospitalized + ILI during season; T_test ~ post-test influenza ≥ 10% + low-risk outpatient; T_combo ~ severe immunocompromised + progressive despite monotherapy + WHO 2024 emerging recommendation. Cross-dossier routing: pulm.cap.core.v1 for bacterial superinfection confirmed; id.sepsis.core.v1 for septic shock; pulm.ards.core.v1 for ARDS PaO2/FiO2 < 200; neph.aki.core.v1 if AKI develops; prev.adult-immunization.core.v1 for post-illness vaccination reconciliation) documented in _research-bundles/id.influenza.core.v1.md. ROS/DDx LR seed data audited by npm run audit:ros-ddx-coverage (cross-cutting; not touched by this shard). Prehospital recognition is currently encoded implicitly via existing entry_points (ili_syndrome, hospitalized_influenza) + outpatient setting_playbook; a first-class "prehospital" DossierSetting value is schema-blocked.

Entry points (4)

  • history
    Influenza-like illness: acute onset fever ≥100F + cough or sore throat during influenza season (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    ili_syndrome
  • history
    Positive rapid influenza diagnostic test (RIDT), rapid molecular assay, or RT-PCR (IDSA 2018)
    confirmed_influenza
  • history
    Close contact with confirmed influenza case in high-risk individual — post-exposure prophylaxis consideration (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    high_risk_exposure
  • history
    Hospitalized patient with suspected or confirmed influenza — empiric oseltamivir pending testing (IDSA 2018)
    hospitalized_influenza

Required inputs (13)

  • agerequired
    demographic • used at CONTEXT
    Age ≥65 is high-risk for complications; age determines antiviral dosing (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • symptom_onset_timerequired
    history • used at FRAME
    Antiviral benefit greatest ≤48h of symptom onset; oseltamivir and baloxavir most effective if started early (IDSA 2018; Hayden NEJM 2018; Dobson Lancet 2015)
  • symptom_severityrequired
    history • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    Mild outpatient vs severe/progressive (dyspnea, persistent fever, hemodynamic instability) determines setting (IDSA 2018)
  • high_risk_conditionsrequired
    history • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    Pregnancy, immunocompromised, age ≥65, chronic cardiopulmonary/renal/hepatic/metabolic disease, morbid obesity BMI ≥40, nursing home residents — all warrant empiric antiviral regardless of testing (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • pregnancy_statusrequired
    history • used at RED_FLAGS
    Pregnancy is high-risk for severe influenza; oseltamivir preferred antiviral; baloxavir contraindicated in pregnancy — insufficient data (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • immunocompromised_statusrequired
    history • used at RED_FLAGS
    Immunocompromised patients may have prolonged viral shedding; consider extended oseltamivir course and ID consultation (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • vaccination_status
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Prior influenza vaccination does not exclude diagnosis; vaccinated patients may have milder disease (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • influenza_testrequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Rapid molecular assay preferred (sensitivity 95-99%); RIDT sensitivity only 50-70% — negative RIDT does not exclude influenza (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
  • cbc
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia common in severe influenza; leukocytosis suggests bacterial superinfection (IDSA 2018)
  • cmp
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Renal function for oseltamivir dose adjustment (CrCl <30: 75mg daily); hepatic function (IDSA 2018)
  • chest_xray
    imaging • used at BRANCHING_WORKUP
    CXR if hypoxia, dyspnea, or suspected pneumonia — bilateral infiltrates suggest primary viral pneumonia vs focal consolidation for bacterial superinfection (IDSA 2018)
  • procalcitonin
    lab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUP
    Procalcitonin helps distinguish primary viral pneumonia (low) from bacterial superinfection (elevated >0.25) — guides antibiotic decision (IDSA 2018)
  • oxygen_saturationrequired
    vital • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    SpO2 <94% on room air = severe influenza warranting hospitalization (IDSA 2018; WHO 2024)

12-phase flow (12)

  1. 1FRAME
    Confirm acute influenza context: ILI during influenza season, symptom onset time documented — scope includes diagnosis, antiviral treatment, and complication management; excludes avian influenza (H5N1) and pandemic strains requiring separate protocols (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    inputs: age, symptom_onset_time
    advance: Influenza suspected and onset timing established
  2. 2ENTRY
    Trigger: ILI presentation during influenza season, positive influenza test, hospitalized with respiratory illness during season, or high-risk contact exposure (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    advance: Entry trigger captured
  3. 3CONTEXT
    Collect symptom duration, high-risk conditions (pregnancy, age ≥65, immunocompromised, chronic disease, morbid obesity), vaccination status, medication history, exposure contacts, and community influenza activity level (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    inputs: high_risk_conditions, vaccination_status
    advance: Risk factors and symptom timeline documented
  4. 4RED_FLAGS
    Identify danger signs requiring immediate hospitalization: dyspnea/tachypnea, SpO2 <94%, altered mental status, dehydration with inability to maintain oral intake, hemodynamic instability, persistent vomiting; pregnancy with high fever; immunocompromised with progressive symptoms (IDSA 2018; WHO 2024)
    inputs: pregnancy_status, immunocompromised_status, oxygen_saturation
    actions: flag:hospitalize_if_spo2_lt_94 (IDSA 2018), flag:hospitalize_if_hemodynamic_instability (WHO 2024), flag:icu_if_ards_or_shock (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Severity red flags assessed
  5. 5INITIAL_WORKUP
    Order influenza diagnostic testing: rapid molecular assay (Xpert Xpress Flu, ID NOW) preferred over RIDT due to superior sensitivity (IDSA 2018); RT-PCR gold standard for hospitalized patients; CBC, CMP for hospitalized; blood cultures if bacterial superinfection suspected (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024)
    inputs: influenza_test, cbc, cmp
    actions: test:rapid_molecular_influenza_assay (IDSA 2018), test:rt_pcr_if_hospitalized_or_ridt_negative_with_high_suspicion (IDSA 2018), lab:cbc_cmp_if_hospitalized (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Influenza testing ordered and initial labs obtained
  6. 6BRANCHING_WORKUP
    Evaluate for complications: primary viral pneumonia (bilateral GGO on CXR, low procalcitonin — IDSA 2018), bacterial superinfection (focal consolidation, elevated procalcitonin >0.25 — consider S. aureus including MRSA, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes — IDSA 2018), myocarditis (troponin, ECG), rhabdomyolysis (CK), encephalitis (altered mental status — IDSA 2018)
    inputs: chest_xray, procalcitonin
    actions: imaging:cxr_if_hypoxia_or_dyspnea (IDSA 2018), lab:procalcitonin_to_guide_antibiotics (IDSA 2018), lab:blood_cultures_if_suspected_superinfection (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Complications evaluated or excluded
  7. 7DIFFERENTIAL
    Distinguish influenza from: COVID-19 (co-testing recommended — IDSA 2018; CDC 2024), RSV (older adults, immunocompromised), bacterial pneumonia, other viral URI, early sepsis — multiplex respiratory panels discriminate (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Influenza confirmed or alternative diagnosis pursued
  8. 8RISK_STRATIFICATION
    Stratify severity: (1) mild outpatient — low-risk, symptom <48h = antiviral optional; (2) mild outpatient high-risk — any duration = empiric antiviral (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024); (3) moderate hospitalized — antiviral mandatory, start empirically (IDSA 2018); (4) severe/critical — ICU, consider combination antiviral, ARDS protocol (IDSA 2018; WHO 2024)
    inputs: symptom_severity, high_risk_conditions, oxygen_saturation
    advance: Severity tier assigned
  9. 9TREATMENT
    Antiviral therapy: oseltamivir 75mg BID × 5d first-line all patients warranting treatment — start empirically, do not wait for test results in high-risk or hospitalized (IDSA 2018; Dobson Lancet 2015); baloxavir 40-80mg single dose alternative for uncomplicated influenza ≤48h in otherwise healthy or high-risk outpatients ≥12yr (Hayden NEJM 2018; IDSA 2018); peramivir 600mg IV single dose if unable to tolerate oral/enteral (IDSA 2018); bacterial superinfection = add empiric antibiotics covering MRSA + S. pneumoniae (IDSA 2018)
    actions: rx:oseltamivir_75mg_bid_5d (IDSA 2018; Dobson Lancet 2015), rx:baloxavir_single_dose_if_uncomplicated_le_48h (Hayden NEJM 2018), rx:peramivir_600mg_iv_if_oral_intolerant (IDSA 2018), rx:antibiotics_if_bacterial_superinfection (IDSA 2018), supportive:antipyretics_hydration (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Antiviral initiated and supportive care ordered
  10. 10DISPOSITION
    Outpatient: low-risk uncomplicated influenza with adequate oral intake and SpO2 ≥94% (IDSA 2018); admit: high-risk with progressive symptoms, SpO2 <94%, dehydration, elderly unable to self-care (IDSA 2018; WHO 2024); ICU: ARDS, shock, multiorgan failure (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Disposition determined and documented
  11. 11MONITORING
    Outpatient: symptom resolution expected 3-7 days; return if worsening dyspnea, persistent high fever >3d, inability to hydrate (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024). Inpatient: daily assessment of respiratory status, SpO2, clinical improvement expected by day 3-5 of oseltamivir; if no improvement consider antiviral resistance testing, extended course, or alternative diagnosis (IDSA 2018). ICU: ventilator management per ARDS protocol, daily viral shedding assessment in immunocompromised (IDSA 2018)
    advance: Monitoring parameters and return precautions established
  12. 12FOLLOWUP
    Post-influenza: ensure vaccination for next season if unvaccinated (ACIP 2025); household prophylaxis with oseltamivir 75mg daily × 7d for high-risk close contacts (IDSA 2018; CDC 2024); patient education on hand hygiene, respiratory etiquette, isolation until afebrile ≥24h (CDC 2024); report to public health if institutional outbreak (CDC 2024)
    advance: Follow-up plan documented and prophylaxis considered