Clinical Commander

All dossiers
neuro.tia.v1

Transient Ischemic Attack

neurologyacuteadultacuteoutpatient

Phase C shard-3 neuro expansion (2026-05-14): authored at INTEGRATED tier — manifest file forward-declared (does not yet exist on disk; PRODUCTION promotion requires manifest + RxNav-validated terminology). 8 phenotype severity_triggers span the full TIA pathway: high-risk ABCD2 ≥4 / low-risk ABCD2 <4 / crescendo / TIA + AF / symptomatic carotid ≥50% / mimic / DWI-positive minor stroke (re-route) / cryptogenic (extended monitoring). 5 setting playbooks: home (BE-FAST family recognition + 911) → ed (ABCD2 + STAT MRI/CTA + DAPT) → icu (rare; crescendo / basilar / hemodynamic AF) → inpatient (mechanism workup + CEA/CAS prep) → outpatient (rapid TIA clinic + 90-d / 12-mo follow-up). Schema-blocked downstream: calc.abcd3_i (ABCD3-I 0-13 with dual-TIA + carotid imaging), calc.dwi_aspects (DWI ASPECTS for minor stroke phenotype), calc.crystal_af_score (cryptogenic-source-likely score). Surfaced in depth bundle until clinical-tools-registry expands. Regimen axis encoded with 5 steps: aspirin loading → DAPT × 21 d for high-risk → ticagrelor + ASA × 30 d for CYP2C19 LOF → DOAC for AF (apixaban first-line) → lifelong lipid + BP + glycemic + smoking cessation bundle. Sibling differentiation maps to neuro.ischaemic-stroke.v1 (DWI-positive route), cardio.afib.core.v1 (AF source), neuro.migraine.core.v1 (complicated aura mimic), symptom.vertigo.v1 (posterior circulation overlap) — all sibling engines are PRODUCTION-registered. DEPTH-PASS-2 (2026-05-18, shard-3 neuro-sym CL-3): added the §5.5.2 Bayesian differential layer — 3 new ros-and-ddx seeds prisma/seed/ros-and-ddx/neuro.tia.v1.{ros,differentials,finding-lrs}.ts (12 ROS, 10 differentials with sourced pre-test priors, 27 finding×diagnosis LR rows + 3 conditional-dependency notes) auto-registered by the seed-ros-and-ddx readdir. Resolving cross-dossier routing edges by engine_id: neuro.ischaemic-stroke.v1 (DWI-positive minor-stroke re-classification + red-flag persistent-deficit route), neuro.first-seizure-eval.v1 (seizure+Todd mimic), symptom.syncope.ed.v1 (syncope mimic), symptom.vertigo.v1 (peripheral-vestibular mimic) — all four verified present as dossier files 2026-05-18. §5.5.1 quantitative tightening (effect sizes w/ units + PMID, all PubMed-MCP-verified 2026-05-18): ABCD2 2-d stroke 8.1/4.1/1.0% by band (Johnston Lancet 2007 PMID 17258668); ABCD3-I 2-d c-stat 0.90 vs ABCD2 0.71, NRI +33%, adjusted 7-d-stroke OR DWI+ 3.8 / carotid 4.7 / dual-TIA 3.3 (Merwick PMID 20934388; Kelly PMID 27751555); EXPRESS urgent-Rx 90-d stroke 10.3%→2.1% HR 0.20 (Rothwell PMID 17928046); CHANCE 90-d stroke 11.7%→8.2% HR 0.68 (PMID 23803136); POINT major haemorrhage 0.4%→0.9% HR 2.32 → 21-d cap (PMID 29766750); THALES 30-d stroke/death 6.6%→5.5% HR 0.83 (PMID 32668111); CHANCE-2 90-d stroke 7.6%→6.0% HR 0.77 (PMID 34708996); SPARCL recurrent stroke 13.1%→11.2% HR 0.84, mean LDL 73 vs 129 mg/dL (PMID 16899775); ARISTOTLE apixaban stroke/SE HR 0.79, major bleed HR 0.69 (PMID 21870978); CRYSTAL-AF ILR AF 8.9% vs 1.4% (6 mo) / 12.4% vs 2.0% (12 mo) (PMID 24963567); CEA NASCET/ECST pooled symptomatic ≥70% large ARR (NNT ~6) if ≤2 wk (Rothwell Lancet 2004 PMID 15043958); REDUCE PFO closure stroke 1.4% vs 5.4% HR 0.23 (Søndergaard NEJM 2017 PMID 28902580). PMID CORRECTIONS this pass (were-wrong-in-shipped-dossier, PubMed-MCP-resolved): THALES corrected to 32668111 (the previously cited 3257-9952 PMID is a COVID hyperferritinemia letter, wrong article); CHANCE-2 corrected to 34708996 (the previously cited 3449-0696 PMID is a pregnancy iron-preparation RCT, wrong article); PFO-closure placeholder (previously 2390-0119) resolved to REDUCE / Søndergaard 28902580. evidence.pmids + all inline rationale citations updated; full audit trail + per-PMID verified|basis table in src/lib/dossiers/neuro.tia.v1._research-bundle.md. _briefs/neuro.tia.v1.depth.md is out of this pass’s permitted edit scope and retains the old PMIDs (formally superseded by the research bundle; cross-shard depth-brief-reconciliation ticket logged). Special-population data (§5.5.1, encoded as guidance not new drug codes): (1) PREGNANCY — antithrombotic for TIA in pregnancy uses low-dose aspirin; therapeutic anticoagulation if cardioembolic uses LMWH (DOACs and warfarin generally avoided; warfarin teratogenic weeks 6-12), co-managed with MFM (AHA/ASA 2021). (2) ELDERLY — bleeding risk dominates; assess HAS-BLED, optimise modifiable factors (BP, alcohol, concomitant NSAID/antiplatelet); HAS-BLED ≥3 does NOT contraindicate anticoagulation but flags closer follow-up; LAAO if absolute AC contraindication (2024 ESC AF PMID 39210723). (3) CKD — DOAC dose adjustment is by Cockcroft-Gault CREATININE CLEARANCE, NOT CKD-EPI eGFR (trials enrolled/dosed by CrCl): apixaban 2.5 mg BID if ≥2 of age ≥80 / weight ≤60 kg / serum Cr ≥1.5 mg/dL (ARISTOTLE criteria PMID 21870978), NOT an eGFR cutoff. (4) CYP2C19 LOF — clopidogrel is a prodrug; LOF carriers (~25-50% East Asian, ~30% White) have reduced active metabolite → prefer ticagrelor + ASA × 30 d over clopidogrel + ASA per CHANCE-2 (PMID 34708996) / THALES (PMID 32668111). Guideline delta (§5.5.1): 2024 ESC AF (PMID 39210723) replaces CHA2DS2-VASc with CHA2DS2-VA (sex/Sc dropped) — clinically moot here because prior TIA = +2 makes anticoagulation mandatory for every TIA+AF patient under both scores. calc.abcd3_i / calc.cha2ds2va / calc.crystal_af_score remain schema-blocked (not in clinical-tools-registry; registry edit out of shard scope) and are narrative- + finding-LR-encoded; cross-shard registry tickets logged in the research bundle.

Entry points (6)

  • symptom
    Transient focal neurological deficit fully resolved at presentation (AHA/ASA 2021)
    transient_focal_deficit_resolved
  • symptom
    Transient aphasia / dysarthria resolved (AHA/ASA 2021)
    transient_aphasia
  • symptom
    Transient hemiparesis / facial droop resolved (AHA/ASA 2021)
    transient_hemiparesis
  • symptom
    Transient monocular vision loss (amaurosis fugax) — anterior circulation carotid origin (AHA/ASA 2021)
    amaurosis_fugax
  • symptom
    Transient posterior-circulation symptoms (vertigo + diplopia + dysarthria + ataxia) (AHA/ASA 2021)
    transient_vertigo_diplopia_dysarthria
  • history
    Recurrent or crescendo TIA — admit always (AHA/ASA 2021 Class I)
    recurrent_or_crescendo_tia

Required inputs (20)

  • agerequired
    demographic • used at CONTEXT
    ABCD2 / ABCD3-I age criterion ≥60 = +1 point; age guides anticoagulation bleed risk (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • symptom_onset_timerequired
    symptom • used at FRAME
    TIA defined as <24 h symptom duration; tissue-based definition requires DWI-negative MRI (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • symptom_duration_minutesrequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 duration: ≥60 min = +2, 10-59 min = +1; >24 h re-classifies as stroke (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • speech_disturbancerequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 clinical features: speech disturbance without weakness = +1 (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • unilateral_weaknessrequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 clinical features: unilateral weakness = +2 (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • sbprequired
    vital • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 BP ≥140/90 = +1; chronic BP control reduces recurrent stroke (PROGRESS perindopril-indapamide; 2025 AHA/ACC HTN)
  • diabetesrequired
    history • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 diabetes = +1; HbA1c <7% target post-TIA (AHA/ASA 2021; ADA 2026)
  • prior_tia_or_strokerequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Prior TIA flag — ABCD3 (CHANCE-2 Wang NEJM 2021 PMID 34708996) + dual TIA in 7 days adds urgency
  • mri_brain_dwirequired
    imaging • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    DWI-positive on MRI re-classifies clinical TIA as minor stroke (~30% prevalence); routes to neuro.ischaemic-stroke.v1 (AHA/ASA 2021 Class I)
  • cta_or_mra_head_neckrequired
    imaging • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Identifies symptomatic carotid stenosis ≥50% (CEA/CAS within 14 d per NASCET/AHA/ASA 2021 Class I) and intracranial atherosclerosis
  • carotid_duplex
    imaging • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Alternative or adjunct to CTA for carotid stenosis screening (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • ecg_telemetryrequired
    imaging • used at BRANCHING_WORKUP
    ECG + telemetry ≥24 h for AF detection; consider 30-day MCT or ILR if cryptogenic (CRYSTAL-AF Sanna NEJM 2014 PMID 24963567)
  • tte_or_tee
    imaging • used at BRANCHING_WORKUP
    TTE for LV thrombus / valvular source; TEE if PFO suspected in young patient (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • glucoserequired
    lab • used at RED_FLAGS
    Hypoglycaemia is a common TIA mimic — correct FIRST (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • cbc_chem_coagrequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Baseline labs for antiplatelet/anticoag initiation; platelet count + INR + Cr (AHA/ASA 2021)
  • lipid_panelrequired
    lab • used at FOLLOWUP
    LDL <70 (or <55 if very-high risk) target on high-intensity statin (SPARCL Amarenco NEJM 2006 PMID 16899775; 2026 ACC/AHA Lipid)
  • hba1c
    lab • used at FOLLOWUP
    Diabetes secondary prevention HbA1c <7% (ADA 2026)
  • atrial_fibrillation
    history • used at TREATMENT
    AF source mandates DOAC; timing 1-3-6-12 day rule by NIHSS severity (2024 ESC AF; ARISTOTLE Granger NEJM 2011 PMID 21870978)
  • cyp2c19_lof_status
    history • used at TREATMENT
    CYP2C19 LOF allele → consider ticagrelor + ASA in place of clopidogrel + ASA (CHANCE-2 Wang NEJM 2021 PMID 34708996)
  • current_anticoagulantrequired
    medication • used at TREATMENT
    DOAC/warfarin/heparin on board alters Rx pathway; bleeding risk via HAS-BLED

12-phase flow (12)

  1. 1FRAME
    Transient focal neurologic deficit fully resolved + tissue-based TIA confirmation requires DWI-negative MRI (AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: symptom_onset_time
    advance: Symptoms resolved at presentation + duration <24 h documented
  2. 2ENTRY
    Activate rapid TIA pathway — ED door-to-MRI ≤1 h target if high-risk by ABCD2 (AHA/ASA 2021 Class I)
    inputs: age
    advance: TIA pathway activated
  3. 3CONTEXT
    Capture vascular risks + AF + prior TIA + medications + bleeding history; HAS-BLED inputs (AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: sbp, diabetes, prior_tia_or_stroke, current_anticoagulant
    advance: Risk-stratification inputs captured
  4. 4RED_FLAGS
    Hypoglycaemia, hypertensive emergency, ongoing focal deficit (re-classifies as stroke), seizure with Todd paralysis, complicated migraine, syncope — rule out mimics (AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: glucose, sbp
    actions: workup.acute_stroke
    advance: Mimics excluded + deficit confirmed resolved
  5. 5INITIAL_WORKUP
    MRI brain DWI (≤24 h ideally), CTA or MRA head/neck, ECG + telemetry ≥24 h, CBC/CMP/coags, lipid panel, glucose, troponin (AHA/ASA 2021 Class I)
    inputs: mri_brain_dwi, cta_or_mra_head_neck, ecg_telemetry, cbc_chem_coag
    actions: panel.renal, workup.acute_stroke
    advance: Tissue + vessel + cardiac workup back
  6. 6BRANCHING_WORKUP
    TTE for cardioembolic source; TEE if PFO suspected in young; 30-day MCT or ILR if cryptogenic per CRYSTAL-AF (Sanna NEJM 2014 PMID 24963567); hypercoag screen if <50 yo without RFs
    inputs: tte_or_tee, atrial_fibrillation, cyp2c19_lof_status
    advance: Mechanism workup matched to phenotype
  7. 7DIFFERENTIAL
    TIA vs minor stroke (DWI-positive → route to neuro.ischaemic-stroke.v1) vs mimic (seizure / migraine aura / hypoglycemia / syncope / conversion) vs ongoing stroke (re-classify if deficit persists)
    advance: Phenotype assigned: high-risk / low-risk / crescendo / TIA+AF / symptomatic carotid / mimic / DWI-pos minor stroke / cryptogenic
  8. 8RISK_STRATIFICATION
    ABCD2 (Age, BP, Clinical, Duration, Diabetes) 0-7 → 2-day stroke risk; ABCD2 ≥4 = admit + DAPT; CHA2DS2-VASc for AF anticoag; HAS-BLED for bleed risk; NIHSS if any residual
    inputs: unilateral_weakness, speech_disturbance, symptom_duration_minutes
    advance: ABCD2 + CHA2DS2-VASc + HAS-BLED documented
  9. 9TREATMENT
    Aspirin loading 162-325 mg; DAPT × 21 d (ASA 81 + clopidogrel 75 with 300-600 mg load) for ABCD2 ≥4 per POINT/CHANCE; ticagrelor + ASA × 30 d for CYP2C19 LOF (CHANCE-2 PMID 34708996); DOAC for AF (apixaban first-line; 2024 ESC AF; ARISTOTLE PMID 21870978); high-intensity statin atorvastatin 80 (SPARCL PMID 16899775); CEA/CAS within 14 d if symptomatic carotid ≥50% (NASCET/AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: atrial_fibrillation, cyp2c19_lof_status
    advance: Antithrombotic + lipid + BP + mechanism-specific Rx initiated
  10. 10DISPOSITION
    Admit if ABCD2 ≥4 OR crescendo OR symptomatic carotid ≥50% OR AF newly detected OR unable to access rapid-TIA outpatient pathway within 24 h; otherwise rapid-access TIA clinic within 24 h (AHA/ASA 2021 Class I)
    advance: Disposition documented (admit vs rapid TIA clinic)
  11. 11MONITORING
    In-patient telemetry ≥24 h for AF detection; outpatient — MCT or ILR if cryptogenic; recurrent symptoms → ED (AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: ecg_telemetry
    advance: Monitoring plan documented
  12. 12FOLLOWUP
    Secondary prevention: BP <130/80 (2025 AHA/ACC HTN); LDL <55-70 (2026 ACC/AHA Lipid); DOAC adherence; smoking cessation; HbA1c <7% if DM; mRS / NIHSS check; CEA/CAS surveillance if performed (AHA/ASA 2021)
    inputs: lipid_panel, hba1c
    actions: panel.lipid
    advance: Secondary-prevention bundle on board + stroke clinic follow-up scheduled