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Patient handout

Preseptal (periorbital) cellulitis

PRODUCTION

1. Your condition

This handout is for preseptal (periorbital) cellulitis. Your care team identified this based on: eyelid / periorbital erythema and oedema with normal acuity, normal colour vision, full painless eye movements, no proptosis — preseptal (chandler i) candidate (chandler laryngoscope 1970 pmid 5470225; baiu & melendez jama 2020 pmid 31935029).

Other reasons your team may use this plan: periorbital swelling with proptosis, painful/restricted eye movement, decreased acuity/colour, rapd, or chemosis — postseptal until excluded; route to ophtho.orbital-cellulitis.core.v1 (murphy j paediatr child health 2020 pmid 32987452); eyelid/periorbital skin or adnexal breach as portal — insect bite, trauma/laceration, hordeolum/stye, impetigo, conjunctivitis (friedel am j ther 2019 pmid 28452841; rimon j pediatr ophthalmol strabismus 2008 pmid 18825903); adjacent acute (ethmoid) sinusitis or dacryocystitis as the source — higher cross-to-orbital risk; lower threshold to image/admit (jackson & baker head neck surg 1987 pmid 3312114; shih br j ophthalmol 2021 pmid 34607790).

2. Your medications

Take these medications exactly as prescribed. Do not stop or change a dose without talking to your provider.

MedicationStarting doseHowWhenWhat it does
septum_triage_decision_gate_preseptal_vs_postseptalChandler Laryngoscope 1970 (PMID 5470225); Baiu & Melendez JAMA 2020 (PMID 31935029) — the orbital septum defines preseptal (I) vs orbital/postseptal (II-V). Preseptal-well = oral + close review; ANY orbital sign → route to ophtho.orbital-cellulitis.core.v1 (Murphy J Paediatr Child Health 2020 PMID 32987452 — proptosis the strongest surgical predictor).

Plan: Preseptal (Chandler I) cellulitis — oral-first + IV escalation + source control + route-to-orbital trigger

3. When to call your provider

Contact your care team if any of the following happen:

  • Any orbital sign (proptosis, painful/restricted EOM, acuity/colour drop, RAPD, chemosis) → route to ophtho.orbital-cellulitis.core.v1 (Chandler 1970 PMID 5470225)
  • No improvement / rising CRP at 24-48 h → contrast CT + route to ophtho.orbital-cellulitis.core.v1 (Murphy 2020 PMID 32987452)
  • Necrotizing features (dusky/black skin, crepitus) → emergent surgery, route to id.necrotising-fasciitis.core.v1
  • Systemic toxicity / qSOFA ≥2 → route to id.sepsis.core.v1

4. When to seek emergency care

Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away if you have:

  • ANY of proptosis, painful/restricted extraocular movement, decreased visual acuity/colour vision, RAPD, or chemosis — the disease has crossed the septum; this is orbital (postseptal) cellulitis, NOT preseptal (Chandler Laryngoscope 1970 PMID 5470225; Murphy J Paediatr Child Health 2020 PMID 32987452)(life-threatening)
  • qSOFA ≥2, hypotension on adequate fluids, high fever with toxic appearance and a periorbital source (Friedel Am J Ther 2019 PMID 28452841 — febrile group higher WBC/CRP and more severe)
  • Dusky/violaceous or black eyelid skin, hemorrhagic bullae, crepitus, cutaneous anesthesia, pain out of proportion, or rapidly advancing necrosis of the lids with systemic toxicity (necrotizing fasciitis of the eyelids)(life-threatening)

5. Follow-up

Complete the oral course (typically 7-10 d guided by source and response); treat and follow the SOURCE — definitive lacrimal management for recurrent dacryocystitis (anatomic cause; route to ENT/oculoplastics), ENT source-sinus management routed to ent.acute-sinusitis.core.v1, hordeolum/blepharitis lid hygiene, conjunctivitis treatment. Counsel return precautions: any vision change, double vision, eye-movement pain, the eye pushing forward (proptosis), increasing swelling, or fever → emergency return for orbital reassessment (the preseptal→orbital progression risk — Kornelsen Cochrane 2021 PMID 33908631). Recurrent preseptal disease → reconsider an anatomic lacrimal cause.

6. Sources

Guideline: Chandler classification (Chandler JR et al, Laryngoscope 1970) — stage I IS preseptal in the universal five-stage orbital-complication frame — anchored by the contemporary periorbital-vs-orbital review (Baiu & Melendez, JAMA 2020), the preseptal/orbital proportion + sinusitis-predisposition series (Jackson & Baker, Head Neck Surg 1987), pediatric predictors of post-septal disease/surgery (Murphy et al, J Paediatr Child Health 2020), the insect-bite oral-outpatient evidence (Friedel et al, Am J Ther 2019), the MRSA-era adult-source microbiology (Shih et al, Br J Ophthalmol 2021), the Hib/PCV epidemiology-shift series (Ambati, Ophthalmology 2000; Rimon, J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2008), the ambulatory-IV preseptal evidence (Brugha & Abrahamson, Pediatr Emerg Care 2012), the conservative-IV-then-escalate series (Šuchaň, Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2014), and the corticosteroid-evidence Cochrane review (Kornelsen, Cochrane 2021). AAO/Wills-aligned. No 2024-2026 society guideline supersedes the Chandler septum frame.

  1. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5470225
  2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31935029
  3. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3312114