Pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI)
NEW pediatric dossier — no manifest / atoms / package on disk yet (manifest field intentionally empty). NEXT STEPS: (1) author manifest at prisma/seed/manifests/peds.aki.v1.ts; (2) RxCUI validation for calcium gluconate, insulin, albuterol, sodium polystyrene, furosemide, eculizumab, ceftriaxone (some saline / hypertonic RxCUIs vary); (3) calculator gaps — bedside Schwartz pediatric eGFR, pRIFLE absent. protocol.hyperkalemia.emergency.v1 verified resident in clinical-tools-registry.ts. HUS pathway (STEC + atypical) explicit; eculizumab + meningococcal vaccination requirement captured. Sibling differentiation from neph.aki.core.v1 covers 6 features. Evidence: KDIGO 2012 AKI / KDIGO 2024 update, STARRT-AKI NEJM 2020 (RRT timing), AWAKEN Jetton Neonatology 2017 (neonatal epidemiology), AWARE Kaddourah NEJM 2017 (pediatric epidemiology), IPNA 2016 HUS, AAP 2022 neonatal AKI, Schwartz 2009 bedside eGFR. Deepened 2026-05-15 (shard-5-obped-id depth-pass-2 — peds.aki.v1): added _briefs/peds.aki.v1.depth.md (this pass — companion to existing 2026-04-27 and 2026-05-13 briefs) + _research-bundles/peds.aki.v1.md. Added outpatient setting playbook (post-AKI pediatric-nephrology follow-up at 1-3 mo + 6 mo; bedside Schwartz eGFR + BP per Flynn AAP 2017 + UACR Q6 mo CKD surveillance; ACEi/ARB if proteinuria + HTN; iron + vit D + Ca-binders if CKD stage 3-5; PCV20 vaccination per ACIP 2024; meningococcal vaccination if on chronic eculizumab maintenance; growth + nutrition + CKD-MBD per KDIGO 2017; nephrotoxin-avoidance counseling per NINJA Goldstein 2016). Added 6 severity triggers: kdigo_stage_3_with_rrt_indication (life_threatening — STARRT-AKI 2020 classical RRT indications + modality choice CRRT/iHD/PD by stability + age), atypical_hus_features (life_threatening — MAHA + thrombocytopenia + AKI without diarrhea -> eculizumab + mandatory MenACWY+MenB >= 2 wk pre-dose per IPNA 2016 HUS), stec_hus_features (severe — MAHA + thrombocytopenia + AKI + bloody diarrhea -> supportive only + AVOID empiric antibiotics per IPNA 2016 HUS), glomerulonephritis_features (severe — proteinuria + hematuria + HTN -> serology + renal biopsy + nephrology + rheumatology per KDIGO 2012 AKI), nephrotoxin_attributable_aki (severe — NSAIDs/aminoglycosides/vancomycin/contrast/chemo -> discontinue + substitute + NINJA stewardship per Goldstein 2016), sepsis_aki_in_peds (life_threatening — routes to id.sepsis.peds.v1 with carryover state; furosemide stress test for progression prediction per AWARE Kaddourah 2017 + FST Chawla 2013/Borasino 2018). STARRT-AKI NEJM 2020 PMID 32668115 already in evidence.pmids; last_reconciled bumped to 2026-05-15. Phenotype matrix (KDIGO stage x etiology x age band x concurrent x RRT need x volume status — 3 x 6 x 4 x 8 x 2 x 3 = 3,456-cell collapsed cross-product) encoded indirectly via severity_triggers + per-setting playbook logic (ed/inpatient/icu/outpatient). First-class TS field for phenotype matrix is schema-blocked. Bayesian linkage (Schwartz eGFR < 60 LR+ ~8-10; dCr >= 0.3 in 48 h LR+ ~5-7; Cr >= 1.5x baseline 7 d LR+ ~6-8; Cr >= 3x baseline LR+ ~15+; UOP < 0.5 mL/kg/h x 6-12 h LR+ ~3-4; UOP < 0.3 x 24 h or anuria x 12 h LR+ ~8-12; FENa < 1% LR+ ~3-4 pre-renal; FEUrea < 35% LR+ ~3 pre-renal on diuretics; muddy brown casts LR+ ~4-5 ATN; RBC casts LR+ ~6-8 GN; schistocytes + thrombocytopenia LR+ ~10-15 HUS; bloody diarrhea + HUS LR+ ~8-10 STEC; no diarrhea + low C3 LR+ ~5-7 aHUS; FST FAILURE LR+ ~5-8 progression; FST PASS LR- ~0.15 recovery; T_treat fluid challenge ~20% pre-renal post-test; T_treat nephrotoxin discontinuation ~15% post-test; T_treat RRT ~70% stage-3-with-classical-indication post-test; T_treat eculizumab ~50% aHUS post-test; routing edges to id.sepsis.peds.v1 / peds.dka.v1 / peds.status_epilepticus.v1 / forward-looking peds.glomerulonephritis.v1 / peds.urology.posterior-urethral-valves.v1 / peds.ckd.outpatient.v1) documented in _research-bundles/peds.aki.v1.md. ROS/DDx LR seed data audited by npm run audit:ros-ddx-coverage (cross-cutting; not touched by this shard). Prehospital recognition is currently encoded implicitly via existing transitions (depth-pass-1) and via the outpatient->ed admit transition; a first-class "prehospital" DossierSetting value is schema-blocked. Edge 2006 / Borasino 2018 / Kakajiwala 2017 / NINJA Goldstein 2016 / AWAKEN Jetton 2017 / Flynn AAP 2017 / IPNA 2016 PMID verifications deferred to next research:pubmed loop.
Entry points (4)
- lab_abnormalityCreatinine rise meeting KDIGO criteria in a child (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)creatinine_rise_child
- symptomOliguria <0.5 mL/kg/h × 6-12 h or anuria in a child (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)oliguria_anuria_child
- symptomEdema or volume overload in a child (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AWARE Kaddourah NEJM 2017)edema_volume_overload_child
- lab_abnormalityAcute hyperkalemia in a child (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)hyperkalemia_acute_child
Required inputs (19)
- agerequireddemographic • used at CONTEXTReference Cr varies by age; neonatal physiology differs (Schwartz 2009; AWAKEN Jetton Neonatology 2017; AAP 2022)
- weightrequireddemographic • used at CONTEXTAll fluid + drug + dialysis dosing weight-based (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- heightrequireddemographic • used at INITIAL_WORKUPBedside Schwartz eGFR uses height (Schwartz 2009)
- sbprequiredvital • used at CONTEXTPre-renal vs intrinsic; volume status (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- hrrequiredvital • used at CONTEXTTachycardia from hypovolemia (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- urine_outputrequiredvital • used at CONTEXTKDIGO oliguria criterion (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)
- creatinine_serialrequiredlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPKDIGO Cr-based staging (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)
- baseline_creatinine_if_knownlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPKDIGO % rise; if unknown back-calculate via Schwartz from height (Schwartz 2009; KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- electrolytesrequiredlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPK+, Na, Ca, phos, bicarb; rescue if K+ critical (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- urinalysis_microscopyrequiredlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPCasts (muddy brown ATN, RBC GN, WBC AIN) (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- urine_na_cr_fenarequiredlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPPre-renal vs intrinsic (FeNa <1 vs >2) (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- cbc_with_smearrequiredlab • used at INITIAL_WORKUPHUS — schistocytes + thrombocytopenia + AKI (IPNA 2016 HUS; KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- aso_or_streptozymelab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUPPost-streptococcal GN (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- complement_c3_c4lab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUPLow C3 → MPGN, post-strep, lupus, atypical HUS (KDIGO 2012 AKI; IPNA 2016 HUS)
- ana_anti_ds_dnalab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUPLupus nephritis (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- shiga_toxin_stoollab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUPSTEC-HUS (IPNA 2016 HUS)
- precipitantrequiredhistory • used at CONTEXTDiarrhea (HUS), strep pharyngitis (PSGN), drug, sepsis (KDIGO 2012 AKI; IPNA 2016 HUS; AAP 2022)
- nephrotoxic_medsrequiredmedication • used at CONTEXTNSAID, aminoglycoside, vancomycin, contrast, ACEi/ARB (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024; AAP 2022)
- renal_ultrasoundrequiredimaging • used at INITIAL_WORKUPObstruction, stones, congenital anomalies, hydro (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
12-phase flow (12)
- 1FRAMEApply pediatric KDIGO (Cr rise ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 h OR ≥1.5× baseline within 7 d OR oliguria <0.5 mL/kg/h × 6-12 h); stage 1/2/3 (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)inputs: creatinine_serial, urine_outputadvance: AKI confirmed + staged (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)
- 2ENTRYCr rise, oliguria, anuria, edema, hyperkalemia (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024)inputs: ageadvance: Entry trigger captured (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 3CONTEXTWeight, height, baseline Cr if available, hydration, nephrotoxins, sepsis, recent diarrhea or strep, congenital anomalies (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022; AWAKEN Jetton Neonatology 2017)inputs: weight, height, precipitant, nephrotoxic_meds, sbp, hradvance: Context complete (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- 4RED_FLAGSAnuria, K+ >6.5 with ECG changes, volume overload with respiratory distress, uremic encephalopathy (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)inputs: electrolytesactions: workup.hyperkalemiaadvance: Acute red flags addressed (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 5INITIAL_WORKUPBMP, UA + microscopy, urine Na/Cr (FeNa), CBC + smear, ASO if relevant, renal US (KDIGO 2012 AKI; IPNA 2016 HUS; AAP 2022)inputs: creatinine_serial, electrolytes, urinalysis_microscopy, urine_na_cr_fena, cbc_with_smear, renal_ultrasoundactions: panel.renal, panel.ua, panel.cbc, workup.akiadvance: Stage-1 returned (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 6BRANCHING_WORKUPComplement (C3, C4), ANCA, anti-GBM, lupus serologies, Shiga-toxin stool, kidney biopsy if RPGN, MRA renal vascular (KDIGO 2012 AKI; IPNA 2016 HUS)inputs: complement_c3_c4, ana_anti_ds_dna, shiga_toxin_stoolactions: workup.rpgn, workup.aki_on_ckdadvance: Branch workup completed (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 7DIFFERENTIALPre-renal / intrinsic (ATN, drug, sepsis, GN — PSGN/IgA/lupus/HUS, AIN) / post-renal (obstruction) (KDIGO 2012 AKI; IPNA 2016 HUS; AAP 2022)advance: Differential narrowed (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 8RISK_STRATIFICATIONpRIFLE / KDIGO peds stage; RRT need predictors (weight, oliguria duration, fluid overload >10%) (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024; AWARE Kaddourah NEJM 2017)inputs: weightadvance: Stage + RRT need documented (KDIGO 2012 AKI; STARRT-AKI NEJM 2020)
- 9TREATMENTResuscitation 10-20 mL/kg if hypovolemic; nephrotoxin withdrawal; etiology-directed (eculizumab atypical HUS, plasma exchange / immunosuppression for lupus / TMA / RPGN, abx for pyelonephritis, decompression for obstruction); RRT if refractory K+, volume overload >10-15%, uremia, dialyzable toxin (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024; IPNA 2016 HUS; STARRT-AKI NEJM 2020)inputs: weightadvance: Etiology-directed plan + RRT decision documented (KDIGO 2012 AKI; STARRT-AKI NEJM 2020)
- 10DISPOSITIONPICU for severe / RRT / volume overload + respiratory; ward for moderate (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)advance: Disposition documented (KDIGO 2012 AKI; AAP 2022)
- 11MONITORINGStrict I/O, daily weights, BMP q12-24 h, ECG if hyperkalemia, weight-based fluid balance (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024; AAP 2022)advance: Monitoring documented (KDIGO 2012 AKI)
- 12FOLLOWUPPediatric nephrology, growth tracking, BP screening, recurrence prevention, vaccination (esp. eculizumab → meningococcal) (KDIGO 2012 AKI; KDIGO 2024; AAP 2022; IPNA 2016 HUS)advance: Follow-up scheduled (KDIGO 2024; AAP 2022)