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psych.postpartum-depression.v1

Postpartum depression — perinatal MDD (ACOG 757 2018/2024; USPSTF 2019; NICE NG192 2024; APA 2010 PPD; Meltzer-Brody 2018; Deligiannidis 2023)

psychiatrysubacutechronicadultpregnancyoutpatientacuteinpatienttransition

Postpartum depression dossier — ACOG 757 2018/2024 + USPSTF 2019 (Curry JAMA PMID 30747971) + NICE NG192 2024 + APA 2010 PPD + PSI 2024 + Meltzer-Brody 2018 + Deligiannidis 2023 + Cox 1987 + Levis 2020 + Wisner 2013 + Stewart 2016 + Trost MMWR 2022 + Paulson 2010 + Hirschfeld 2000. Distinct from postpartum psychosis (psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1) — PPD incidence 10–15% births vs PP 1–2 per 1000 births; PPD predominantly outpatient (SSRI + psychotherapy + neurosteroid for severe) vs PP mandatory inpatient (antipsychotic + mood stabiliser). Emerging psychotic features in PPD route to psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1 per sibling_differentiation. Distinct from general MDD (psych.depression.core.v1) — perinatal-context drives screening cadence (EPDS / PHQ-9 at intake + 24–28 wk + delivery + 6-wk postpartum + 1/2/4/6-mo well-child visits), lactation-aware SSRI selection (sertraline / paroxetine first-line per LactMed 2024 + PSI 2024 + APA 2010 PPD), brexanolone / zuranolone pathway, partner / paternal PPD screening, and mother-infant attachment monitoring. Longitudinal MDD maintenance after 12-mo postpartum window transitions to psych.depression.core.v1. Axis 1 first-line pharmacotherapy + psychotherapy: CBT / IPT first-line for mild PPD (EPDS 10–12) per USPSTF 2019 B-grade. SSRI for moderate PPD (EPDS 13–19) — sertraline 50 mg PO daily titrate 100–200 mg first-line in lactation; paroxetine alternative first-line (avoid in next pregnancy — FDA 2015 category D); citalopram / escitalopram / venlafaxine / bupropion / nortriptyline acceptable; fluoxetine cautioned (long half-life + high M/P ratio) but not contraindicated. Axis 2 neurosteroid pathway for severe PPD: brexanolone (Zulresso) IV 60-h continuous infusion at FDA-Zulresso-REMS-accredited site for severe PPD (Meltzer-Brody Lancet 2018 PMID 30253856; FDA approval 2019); zuranolone (Zurzuvae) 50 mg PO daily × 14 days outpatient (Deligiannidis AJP 2023 PMID 37467049; FDA approval Aug 2023). Both gating on EPDS ≥ 20 + functional impact + (adequate SSRI trial failed at 4–6 wk OR rapid relief needed). REMS requirements: brexanolone continuous pulse-ox + 2-hourly cognitive assessment + no driving during + 48 h after; zuranolone CNS-depressant + driving advisory (no driving 12 h after each dose) + CYP3A4 caution + take with fatty food. Axis 3 lactation-aware selection: sertraline + paroxetine first-line per LactMed 2024; citalopram + escitalopram + venlafaxine + bupropion + nortriptyline acceptable; fluoxetine cautioned; brexanolone + zuranolone require lactation consult (pump-and-discard practices conservative; data limited); doxepin + MAOI avoided in breastfeeding. Severity triggers (8): ppd_with_si_or_infant_harm_ideation (life-threatening — ED + Stanley-Brown SPI + admit consideration; routes to psych.suicidality.ed.core.v1), ppd_with_psychotic_features (life-threatening — re-evaluate for postpartum psychosis; routes to psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1), severe_ppd_brexanolone_or_zuranolone_eligible (severe — brexanolone IV OR zuranolone PO at EPDS ≥ 20 + functional impact), bipolar_emergence_with_ppd_treatment (severe — STOP SSRI; routes to psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1), breastfeeding_medication_selection_critical (moderate — sertraline / paroxetine first-line; do not separate mother-infant), postpartum_thyroiditis_overlap (mild — TSH + free T4 at 6 wk postpartum visit if symptomatic), infant_attachment_disturbance_emerging (moderate — mother-infant dyadic therapy + perinatal social work), paternal_partner_ppd_screening_positive (mild — partner referral; family-system approach). Four setting playbooks: outpatient (universal EPDS / PHQ-9 screening + perinatal psych Q2 wk × 12 wk then monthly × 12 mo + CBT/IPT + SSRI + lactation-aware selection + C-SSRS at every visit), ED (acute SI / crisis triage + 1:1 sitter + Stanley-Brown SPI + means restriction + cross-route), inpatient (severe PPD + SI admit + brexanolone REMS infusion + bridge ≤ 1 wk + Caring Contacts cascade), transition (bridge ≤ 1 wk after psychiatric admission + Caring Contacts + Stanley-Brown SPI follow-up + means re-confirmation). Sibling differentiation vs psych.depression.core.v1 (general MDD outside perinatal), psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1 (PP escalation if psychotic features), psych.suicidality.ed.core.v1 (SI carryover), psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1 (bipolar emergence on SSRI). Cross-route via carryover state — EPDS, PHQ-9, C-SSRS, MDQ, breastfeeding status, current meds, prior trials. Phenotype matrix (severity EPDS × suicidality C-SSRS × bipolar screen MDQ × prior PPD/MDD × breastfeeding × anxiety comorbidity × infant attachment × paternal/partner PPD × access to brexanolone × access to zuranolone) encoded indirectly via severity_triggers + setting_playbooks + sibling_differentiation. First-class TS field for phenotype matrix is schema-blocked. Bayesian linkage: pre-test priors — PPD ~ 10–15% of births (ACOG 757 2018/2024; Wisner 2013); ~ 25–30% with prior MDD; ~ 35–50% with prior PPD (Wisner 2013; Stewart 2016). LR+ — EPDS ≥ 10 LR+ ~ 4 (Levis BMJ 2020); EPDS ≥ 13 LR+ ~ 7 (Levis 2020); PHQ-9 ≥ 10 LR+ ~ 5 (Kroenke 2001); MDQ ≥ 7 LR+ ~ 4 for bipolar spectrum (Hirschfeld 2000). T_treat = EPDS ≥ 13 OR functional impact; T_treat_brexanolone_zuranolone = EPDS ≥ 20 + functional impact + (SSRI failure OR rapid relief). T_test (supportive only) = EPDS < 10 + no functional impact + no SI. Cross-dossier routing edges (4): psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1, psych.suicidality.ed.core.v1, psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1, psych.depression.core.v1. ROS/DDx LR seed data audited by npm run audit:ros-ddx-coverage (cross-cutting; not touched by this shard). CRITICAL anti-pattern warnings baked in: (1) DO NOT start SSRI in postpartum patient without bipolar screen (MDQ + manic history ask) — manic switch in unrecognised bipolar (STEP-BD Sachs NEJM 2007); (2) DO NOT default to discontinuing antidepressant during pregnancy or postpartum without psychiatric consult — relapse risk often exceeds in utero exposure risk (ACOG 757 2018/2024); (3) DO NOT discharge a postpartum patient with active SI plan / intent home from ED — admit consideration mandatory (Trost MMWR 2022 PMID 35587456); (4) DO NOT assume PPD without screening — universal EPDS / PHQ-9 at intake + 24–28 wk + delivery + 6-wk postpartum + well-child visits (ACOG 757 2018/2024; USPSTF 2019); (5) DO NOT prescribe fluoxetine first-line in actively-breastfeeding patient if alternative available — long half-life + high M/P ratio (LactMed 2024; PSI 2024); (6) DO NOT initiate brexanolone or zuranolone without REMS / informed-consent / driving / sedation precautions (FDA Zulresso REMS 2019; FDA Zurzuvae 2023); (7) DO NOT miss postpartum thyroiditis — symptom onset 3–6 mo postpartum + fatigue → TSH + free T4 (ATA 2017 PMID 28056690); (8) DO NOT overlook paternal / partner PPD — partner EPDS ≥ 10 → referral; paternal PPD ~ 10% (Paulson JAMA 2010 PMID 20483968); (9) DO NOT separate mother from infant for breastfeeding-compatible medications (LactMed 2024; PSI 2024); (10) DO NOT skip C-SSRS — maternal suicide leading cause of mortality through 1 y postpartum (Trost MMWR 2022); (11) DO NOT delay psychotic-feature re-evaluation — re-route to psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1 (ACOG 757 2018/2024); (12) DO NOT treat severe PPD (EPDS ≥ 20 + functional impact) as outpatient-monitor-only (Meltzer-Brody 2018; Deligiannidis 2023). PRODUCTION blockers: (1) prisma/seed/manifests/psych.postpartum-depression.v1.ts pointer out-of-shard-scope per psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1 / psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1 / psych.first-episode-psychosis.core.v1 / psych.alcohol_withdrawal.core.v1 / psych.suicidality.ed.core.v1 precedent — manifest repointed to psych.depression.core.v1.ts; (2) calc.epds + calc.cssrs + calc.mdq not in clinical-tools-registry — flagged for future calc-registry batch (EPDS workflow embedded in setting-playbook required_assessments + non_drug_actions; C-SSRS via workup.suicide_risk umbrella; MDQ workflow embedded in CONTEXT phase required_inputs + outpatient required_assessments); (3) RxCUIs need RxNav validation via scripts/research/rxnav-validate.ts (brexanolone 2625139 + zuranolone 2570683 specifically flagged given recent FDA approvals); (4) targeted test file pending (relies on dossier-contract.test.ts); (5) brexanolone infusion-protocol atoms not yet registered — referenced inline in Axis 2 Step 1. Authored 2026-05-15 in shard-5-obped-id Phase C wave-2 dispatch — companion brief at src/lib/dossiers/_briefs/psych.postpartum-depression.v1.md + research bundle at src/lib/dossiers/_research-bundles/psych.postpartum-depression.v1.md.

Entry points (8)

  • symptom
    Depressed mood, anhedonia, fatigue, guilt, sleep / appetite disturbance, decreased concentration within 12 months postpartum (DSM-5-TR peripartum specifier; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
    postpartum_depressed_mood_anhedonia
  • symptom
    EPDS ≥ 10 or ≥ 13 OR PHQ-9 ≥ 10 at routine perinatal screening visit (ACOG 757 2018/2024; USPSTF 2019 Curry JAMA PMID 30747971; Cox 1987 PMID 3651732; Levis 2020 PMID 33208495)
    postpartum_screening_positive_EPDS_or_PHQ9
  • symptom
    Suicidal ideation, thoughts of self-harm, or thoughts of harming infant in postpartum patient — emergency C-SSRS + safety triage (Posner 2011 PMID 22193671; Trost MMWR 2022 PMID 35587456)
    postpartum_si_or_self_harm_thoughts
  • history
    Prior PPD (~ 35–50% recurrence) OR prior MDD (~ 25–30% recurrence) in pregnant or postpartum patient (Wisner 2013 PMID 23446353; Stewart NEJM 2016 PMID 27959687)
    prior_ppd_or_mdd_history
  • symptom
    Mother-infant interaction concerns — feeding / sleep / development / lack of maternal engagement (PSI 2024; Murray Br J Psychiatry 1996)
    postpartum_infant_attachment_concerns
  • symptom
    Partner EPDS ≥ 10 OR partner self-report depressive symptoms — paternal PPD ~ 10% in fathers (Paulson JAMA 2010 PMID 20483968)
    partner_or_paternal_ppd_screening_positive
  • symptom
    Severe functional impact — unable to care for self / infant / household / work; EPDS ≥ 20 OR PHQ-9 ≥ 20 with functional collapse — severe PPD pathway (APA 2010 PPD; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
    postpartum_severe_functional_impact
  • history
    Symptom onset 3–6 mo postpartum + fatigue + cold-intolerance / heat-intolerance / tremor — postpartum thyroiditis differential (ATA 2017 Alexander Thyroid 2017 PMID 28056690)
    postpartum_fatigue_or_thyroid_symptoms

Required inputs (25)

  • agerequired
    demographic • used at CONTEXT
    Adolescent + advanced-maternal-age modifiers; baseline pharmacokinetic considerations (APA 2010 PPD; PSI 2024)
  • days_or_months_postpartumrequired
    demographic • used at FRAME
    Onset window — DSM-5-TR peripartum specifier within 12 months postpartum; symptom-onset peak 4–6 wk postpartum (Stewart NEJM 2016 PMID 27959687; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • breastfeeding_statusrequired
    demographic • used at CONTEXT
    Drives SSRI / neurosteroid selection (sertraline / paroxetine first-line in lactation per LactMed 2024 + PSI 2024 + APA 2010 PPD; brexanolone REMS infusion + zuranolone CYP3A4 + driving advisory)
  • epds_scorerequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale — 10-item self-report; cutoff ≥ 10 or ≥ 13; primary screening tool perinatal (Cox 1987 PMID 3651732; Levis 2020 PMID 33208495; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • phq9_scorerequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    PHQ-9 alternative perinatal screening tool — cutoff ≥ 10 with item-9 SI flag (Kroenke JGIM 2001 PMID 11556941; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • cssrs_ideation_and_behaviorrequired
    symptom • used at RED_FLAGS
    Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale — postpartum SI carries elevated lethality; suicide leading cause of maternal mortality through 1 y postpartum (Posner 2011 PMID 22193671; Trost MMWR 2022 PMID 35587456)
  • infant_harm_ideation_explicit_askrequired
    symptom • used at RED_FLAGS
    Explicit ask: "Have you had any thoughts of harming yourself or your baby?" — never assume safety based on outward presentation (PSI 2024; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • mdq_score_bipolar_screenrequired
    symptom • used at CONTEXT
    Mood Disorder Questionnaire — bipolar screen MANDATORY before SSRI initiation; cutoff ≥ 7 LR+ ~ 4 for bipolar spectrum; PPD often first presentation of bipolar in women (Hirschfeld AJP 2000 PMID 11058486; STEP-BD Sachs NEJM 2007 PMID 17392295)
  • gad7_score
    symptom • used at CONTEXT
    GAD-7 — postpartum anxiety frequently comorbid with PPD (~ 17% in postpartum women); informs treatment intensity (Spitzer 2006; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • functional_impact_assessmentrequired
    symptom • used at RISK_STRATIFICATION
    Functional impact (self-care / infant-care / household / work / relationships) drives severity tiering independently of EPDS / PHQ-9 score (APA 2010 PPD; NICE NG192 2024)
  • sleep_assessment_postpartumrequired
    symptom • used at CONTEXT
    Sleep deprivation is a baseline postpartum feature; characterise sleep duration / quality / opportunity-vs-inability; sleep < 4 h × 2 d in known bipolar postpartum is a red flag for impending postpartum psychosis (Bergink 2012; APA 2010 PPD)
  • prior_mdd_or_ppd_historyrequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Prior PPD ~ 35–50% recurrence; prior MDD ~ 25–30% recurrence in subsequent pregnancy / postpartum (Wisner 2013 PMID 23446353; Stewart NEJM 2016 PMID 27959687)
  • family_history_bipolar_or_depressionrequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Family history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis loads bipolar-screen probability; family history of MDD loads recurrence risk (Hirschfeld 2000 PMID 11058486; APA 2024)
  • partner_epds_or_partner_depression_screen
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Partner / paternal PPD ~ 10% in fathers; partner EPDS ≥ 10 → partner referral; family-system approach (Paulson JAMA 2010 PMID 20483968; PSI 2024)
  • infant_attachment_and_bondingrequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Mother-infant interaction assessment — PPD associated with infant cognitive + emotional impact (Murray Br J Psychiatry 1996; PSI 2024)
  • substance_use_perinatalrequired
    history • used at CONTEXT
    Perinatal alcohol / opioid / stimulant / cannabis use complicates PPD presentation and treatment (SAMHSA TIP 51 2018; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • current_medsrequired
    medication • used at CONTEXT
    Identify current antidepressant, mood stabiliser, antipsychotic, contraception; review for offending agents and pregnancy-class issues (APA 2010 PPD; NICE NG192 2024)
  • tsh_free_t4required
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Postpartum thyroiditis (5–10% of postpartum women) — thyrotoxic phase 1–4 mo can mimic mania or anxiety; hypothyroid phase 4–8 mo can mimic / worsen depression (ATA 2017 Alexander Thyroid 2017 PMID 28056690)
  • cbc_with_diffrequired
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Postpartum anemia (Hgb) — can cause / worsen fatigue + low mood; iron deficiency common postpartum (ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • b12_folate
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    B12 / folate deficiency differential for depressive symptoms (APA 2010 PPD)
  • bmp_glucose_calcium
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Baseline electrolytes + glucose + calcium — rule out metabolic mimics (APA 2010 PPD; NICE NG192 2024)
  • lft
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Baseline for SSRI hepatotoxicity monitoring; zuranolone is CYP3A4 metabolised (APA 2010 PPD; FDA Zurzuvae 2023)
  • renal_function
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Baseline creatinine + eGFR for any renal-cleared adjunct (lithium if bipolar emergence) (APA 2024; KDIGO 2024)
  • urine_drug_screen
    lab • used at INITIAL_WORKUP
    Substance-induced mood disorder differential; perinatal substance use screen (SAMHSA TIP 51 2018; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
  • cortisol_acth_prolactin
    lab • used at BRANCHING_WORKUP
    Sheehan syndrome (postpartum hypopituitarism) screen if hypotension / lactation failure / persistent fatigue / AMS — rare but high-stakes miss (Endocrine Society 2016)

12-phase flow (12)

  1. 1FRAME
    Postpartum (within 12 months; symptom-onset peak 4–6 wk) patient with depressive symptoms WITHOUT psychotic features — confirm DSM-5-TR peripartum specifier; objective is severity tiering + lactation-aware regimen + suicide screen + bipolar screen + medical differential + cross-route if psychotic / suicidal / bipolar (ACOG 757 2018/2024; USPSTF 2019; APA 2010 PPD)
    inputs: days_or_months_postpartum
    advance: Postpartum context confirmed and depressive symptoms documented
  2. 2ENTRY
    Triggered by depressed mood / anhedonia / fatigue / guilt / sleep / appetite disturbance / decreased concentration, EPDS or PHQ-9 screen-positive, prior PPD or MDD history, partner / paternal PPD screening positive, infant attachment concerns, or postpartum thyroid symptoms (ACOG 757 2018/2024; USPSTF 2019 PMID 30747971; Wisner 2013 PMID 23446353)
    inputs: age, days_or_months_postpartum, breastfeeding_status
    advance: Entry criteria documented with postpartum window + presentation pattern
  3. 3CONTEXT
    Bipolar screen (MDQ — MANDATORY before SSRI), prior MDD / PPD history, family history of bipolar / depression / postpartum psychosis, partner EPDS, infant attachment + bonding, substance use, current meds (especially antidepressant on board), sleep + circadian pattern, social supports + isolation flag, functional impact assessment (APA 2010 PPD; NICE NG192 2024; PSI 2024)
    inputs: mdq_score_bipolar_screen, prior_mdd_or_ppd_history, family_history_bipolar_or_depression, partner_epds_or_partner_depression_screen, infant_attachment_and_bonding, substance_use_perinatal, current_meds, sleep_assessment_postpartum
    advance: Risk + protective + bipolar-screen + family-system + substance + sleep context captured
  4. 4RED_FLAGS
    Active SI with plan / intent / means; recent suicide attempt; thoughts of harming infant or self-harm; emerging psychotic features (re-evaluate for postpartum psychosis); severe functional impact / inability to care for self or infant; bipolar emergence on SSRI initiation (manic-switch features) (ACOG 757 2018/2024; Trost MMWR 2022 PMID 35587456; APA 2024)
    inputs: cssrs_ideation_and_behavior, infant_harm_ideation_explicit_ask
    actions: workup.suicide_risk
    advance: Safety triage in place AND disposition decision being made (outpatient pathway default unless SI plan/intent or psychotic features OR severe functional collapse)
  5. 5INITIAL_WORKUP
    TSH + free T4 (postpartum thyroiditis 5–10% prevalence per ATA 2017), CBC (postpartum anemia), B12 + folate (depressive mimics), BMP (metabolic mimics), LFT + renal (baseline for SSRI / adjunct), urine drug screen (perinatal substance use), pregnancy test if next-pregnancy considered (APA 2010 PPD; ATA 2017; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
    inputs: tsh_free_t4, cbc_with_diff
    advance: Medical differential addressed; depressive presentation is primary
  6. 6BRANCHING_WORKUP
    Sheehan syndrome screen (cortisol / ACTH / prolactin) if postpartum hypotension / lactation failure / persistent fatigue / AMS; psychotic-features re-evaluation if hallucinations / delusions / disorganised thought / behaviour emerging → route to psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1; delirium screen (workup.delirium) if fluctuating cognition / autonomic instability (NICE NG192 2024; Endocrine Society 2016; ACOG 757 2018/2024)
    actions: workup.delirium, workup.acute_psychosis
    advance: Medical and psychotic-feature differential addressed OR cross-routed to appropriate dossier
  7. 7DIFFERENTIAL
    Postpartum depression (primary perinatal MDD) vs postpartum psychosis (psychotic features → route to psych.postpartum-psychosis.v1) vs bipolar I/II depressive episode (MDQ ≥ 7 → route to psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1) vs adjustment disorder vs postpartum thyroiditis (TSH abnormal) vs postpartum anemia / B12 deficiency vs Sheehan syndrome vs substance-induced mood disorder vs paternal / partner PPD overlap (DSM-5-TR 2022; ACOG 757 2018/2024; APA 2010 PPD)
    advance: Working differential narrowed; primary PPD assigned only AFTER psychotic features and bipolar / medical / substance differential addressed
  8. 8RISK_STRATIFICATION
    EPDS-based severity tiering (mild 10–12 / moderate 13–19 / severe ≥ 20) + functional impact + C-SSRS suicidality + MDQ bipolar-screen + breastfeeding status + access to brexanolone / zuranolone; partner / paternal PPD screening; infant attachment status (Cox 1987 PMID 3651732; Levis 2020 PMID 33208495; ACOG 757 2018/2024; APA 2010 PPD)
    inputs: epds_score, phq9_score, cssrs_ideation_and_behavior, functional_impact_assessment
    advance: Severity tier assigned with explicit basis documented
  9. 9TREATMENT
    Mild PPD (EPDS 10–12 + no functional impact) — CBT / IPT first-line + supportive care + re-screen Q1 mo × 6 mo. Moderate PPD (EPDS 13–19) — SSRI (sertraline 50 mg daily titrate to 100–200 mg first-line in lactation per LactMed 2024 + PSI 2024; paroxetine acceptable; citalopram / escitalopram / venlafaxine / nortriptyline / bupropion acceptable; fluoxetine cautioned) + CBT / IPT + perinatal psych referral. Severe PPD (EPDS ≥ 20 + functional impact) — brexanolone IV 60-h REMS-accredited infusion (Meltzer-Brody Lancet 2018 PMID 30253856) OR zuranolone 50 mg PO daily × 14 d outpatient (Deligiannidis AJP 2023 PMID 37467049) OR psychiatric admission if SI plan/intent. Bipolar-positive MDQ ≥ 7 — DO NOT start SSRI monotherapy → route to psych.bipolar-disorder.core.v1 (STEP-BD Sachs NEJM 2007; APA 2024).
    inputs: current_meds, breastfeeding_status, mdq_score_bipolar_screen
    advance: Regimen selected; psychotherapy referral arranged; brexanolone / zuranolone gating documented if severe
  10. 10DISPOSITION
    Outpatient default (perinatal psych + OB + pediatrics coordination); ED + admit consideration if SI plan/intent or severe functional collapse; brexanolone IV REMS-accredited inpatient or outpatient infusion site; zuranolone PO outpatient with CNS-depressant + driving counselling; family-system involvement (partner / paternal PPD screening + referral); CPS only if infant safety concern (rare in PPD without psychotic features) (ACOG 757 2018/2024; APA 2010 PPD; NICE NG192 2024; FDA Zulresso REMS 2019; FDA Zurzuvae 2023)
    advance: Setting confirmed and family-system + pediatric coordination documented
  11. 11MONITORING
    EPDS + PHQ-9 + C-SSRS at every visit; SSRI titration response at 4–6 weeks; bipolar-emergence surveillance (manic features on SSRI = STOP + route to bipolar); brexanolone REMS sedation/syncope monitoring during infusion; zuranolone CNS-depressant + driving advisory + 14-day course completion; lactation pharmacology monitoring (infant for sedation / feeding / weight gain); infant attachment + development tracking; partner / paternal PPD re-screen; postpartum thyroiditis follow-up (ACOG 757 2018/2024; APA 2010 PPD; LactMed 2024; PSI 2024)
    advance: EPDS / PHQ-9 trending down; functional improvement documented; SI absent on serial C-SSRS; no bipolar emergence
  12. 12FOLLOWUP
    Perinatal psychiatry Q2 wk × 12 wk then monthly × 12 mo postpartum; OB postpartum follow-up coordinated; pediatric coordination if breastfeeding on psychotropics (infant pediatrician dosed-in); mother-infant dyadic therapy if attachment disturbance; partner / paternal PPD referral if screening positive; SSRI maintenance ≥ 6–12 months after remission per APA 2010 PPD; preconception counselling for next pregnancy — recurrence ~ 35–50%; Caring Contacts cascade if prior SI episode (Motto 2001 PMID 11433109; Stanley/Brown 2018 PMID 30209345; APA 2010 PPD; PSI 2024)
    advance: Outpatient bridge + perinatal psych + OB + peds coordination in place; family-system referrals made when indicated