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Patient handout

Giant cell arteritis (GCA / temporal arteritis)

PRODUCTION

1. Your condition

This handout is for giant cell arteritis (gca / temporal arteritis). Your care team identified this based on: new-onset headache in patient ≥50 (acr 2021 classification criterion).

Other reasons your team may use this plan: jaw claudication (highest lr+ for gca — acr 2021); amaurosis fugax / acute visual loss (acr 2021 / eular 2023 — iv pulse indication); scalp tenderness or temporal artery abnormality (acr 2021).

2. Your medications

Take these medications exactly as prescribed. Do not stop or change a dose without talking to your provider.

MedicationStarting doseHowWhenWhat it does
prednisone40-60 mg PO daily (1 mg/kg)POdaily2022 ACR / 2023 EULAR strong — induction; do not delay for biopsy
methylprednisolone500-1000 mg IV daily × 3 days then prednisone 60 mgIV → POdaily × 3 d then POIV pulse for visual / neurologic involvement (ACR 2024)
tocilizumab162 mg SC weekly (or q2 weeks initially)SCweeklyGiACTA NEJM 2017 — Class I steroid-sparing; CRP unreliable on TCZ (rely on symptoms)
methotrexate10-25 mg PO/SC weeklyPO/SCweeklyEULAR 2023 alternative steroid-sparer; modest effect
aspirin81 mg PO dailyPOdailyEULAR 2023 — possible reduction in ophthalmic / cerebrovascular events
pantoprazole40 mg PO dailyPOdailyGI prophylaxis during high-dose steroid (BSR 2020)
alendronate70 mg PO weeklyPOweeklyACR 2017 GIO — bone protection during chronic steroid

Plan: GCA — induction steroid + tocilizumab steroid-sparing (2022 ACR + 2023 EULAR)

3. When to call your provider

Contact your care team if any of the following happen:

  • New visual loss / amaurosis fugax → ED for IV pulse methylpred (ACR 2021 strong)
  • Stroke-like symptoms → ED + stroke pathway (ACR 2021 / EULAR 2018)
  • Severe relapse despite TCZ → rheumatology + consider CYC / rituximab off-label (EULAR 2023)

4. When to seek emergency care

Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away if you have:

  • Transient or persistent monocular / binocular visual loss in suspected GCA [ACR 2021](life-threatening)
  • Hemiplegia, vertebral ischemia features, or new TIA in patient with cranial GCA features [ACR 2021](life-threatening)
  • Thoracic aortic aneurysm/dilation or dissection in GCA patient [ACR 2021]
  • GI perforation, severe infection, or hepatotoxicity on TCZ [ACR 2021]
  • Hypoxia + bilateral infiltrates in patient on prednisone ≥20 mg ≥4 weeks [ACR 2021]

5. Follow-up

Slow steroid taper to ≤5 mg by 12 months when feasible (BSR 2020 / EULAR 2023); aortic surveillance imaging q1-2 years if LV-GCA (EULAR 2018); relapse education + return-precaution counseling

6. Sources

Guideline: 2022 ACR/Vasculitis Foundation GCA + 2023 EULAR Recommendations + GiACTA (Stone NEJM 2017)

  1. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34235871
  2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34235884
  3. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28745999