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Patient handout

Recurrent UTI Prophylaxis & Long-term Management (adult women + postmenopausal + breakthrough)

PRODUCTION

1. Your condition

This handout is for recurrent uti prophylaxis & long-term management (adult women + postmenopausal + breakthrough). Your care team identified this based on: ≥2 culture-confirmed uti in 6 mo or ≥3 in 12 mo (aua/cua/sufu 2019 definition).

Other reasons your team may use this plan: recurrent uti within days of intercourse — honeymoon pattern; postcoital prophylaxis candidate; postmenopausal woman with recurrent uti → topical vaginal estrogen first-line adjunct; breakthrough uti on continuous or postcoital prophylaxis → switch agent + urology referral.

2. Your medications

Take these medications exactly as prescribed. Do not stop or change a dose without talking to your provider.

MedicationStarting doseHowWhenWhat it does
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (continuous low-dose)40/200 mg (SS) PO qhsPOonce daily at bedtime × 6–12 moAUA 2019 first-line continuous prophylaxis if local resistance <20% and no sulfa allergy (PMID 31042112)
nitrofurantoin (continuous low-dose)50–100 mg PO qhsPOonce daily at bedtime × 6–12 moAUA 2019 first-line alternative; monitor long-term for pulmonary fibrosis (rare) + LFTs; AVOID if CrCl <30
cephalexin (continuous low-dose alternative)125–250 mg PO qhsPOonce dailyAUA 2019 alternative — limited evidence but acceptable when other options contraindicated

Plan: Recurrent UTI prophylaxis — continuous low-dose + postcoital + self-start + vaginal estrogen + methenamine + cranberry + behavioural + experimental vaccines (AUA/CUA/SUFU 2019)

3. When to call your provider

Contact your care team if any of the following happen:

  • Breakthrough on prophylaxis → switch agent + urology referral (AUA 2019)
  • Fever / flank pain → ED (route to acute pyelo pathway)
  • Unusual organism (Proteus, ESBL) → ID consult + imaging eval
  • Pregnancy + recurrent → modified regimen + OB co-management

4. When to seek emergency care

Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away if you have:

  • Recurrent UTI in SOT / hematologic malignancy / HIV with low CD4 / chronic high-dose steroid → ID consult + tailored prophylaxis; broader empirics on breakthrough (AUA 2019)

5. Follow-up

Annual reassessment of continuous prophylaxis; trial off after 6–12 mo; urology referral if breakthrough; postmenopausal vaginal estrogen ongoing; methenamine adherence; behavioural reinforcement (AUA 2019)

6. Sources

Guideline: AUA/CUA/SUFU Recurrent uncomplicated UTI in Women 2019 (Anger) + IDSA Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis/Pyelonephritis 2011 (Gupta) + cranberry meta-analysis 2021 + ALTAR methenamine non-inferiority trial + SOGC Recurrent UTI guideline (vaginal estrogen + cranberry)

  1. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21292654
  2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31042112
  3. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34473789