Post-cardiac-arrest care — initial non-shockable rhythm (PEA/asystole)
Encounter flow
12/12 authoredCanonical 12-phase frame with authored status for this dossier.
Frame
Initial non-shockable-rhythm (PEA/asystole) cohort: baseline poor prognosis; etiology often non-cardiac (Hs and Ts) but cardiac causes occur; HYPERION supports TTM 33 °C; goals-of-care discussion typically at 72h
non-shockable rhythm confirmed + reverse-cause screen initiated
Patient inputs (15)
Age + frailty + baseline functional status drive prognostic discussion at 72h (CAHP, OHCA scores)
Witnessed + bystander CPR + low-flow time → favourable neuro prognosis weighting (CAHP PMID 26491110)
PEA vs asystole at first analysis; PEA with narrow-complex tachycardia + reversible cause has better prognosis than asystole
CPR duration → neuro prognosis weighting; non-shockable + prolonged low-flow → very low survival
Reverse Hs and Ts: hypoxia, hyperK, hydrogen ion, hypovolemia, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, tox, tamponade, tension PTX, thrombosis-coronary, thrombosis-pulmonary, trauma (AHA 2020 Class I)
Hyperkalemia is a reversible cause of PEA/asystole (Hs and Ts); replete to 4-4.5 if low (AHA 2020 Class I)
Hypoglycemia is a reversible cause; check + replete (AHA 2020)
AKI common post-arrest; drug renal-adjustment (AHA 2020)
Tissue hypoperfusion + clearance trajectory (SCAI 2022 PMID 35718438)
Cardiac etiology workup if non-shockable rhythm + suspicious post-ROSC ECG (massive MI can cause PEA)
STEMI → emergent cath; PE pattern → CTPA + thrombolysis decision; tamponade → emergent echo (AHA 2020)
LV/RV function, valvular cause, tamponade exclusion, RV strain pattern for PE — drives reversible-cause workup (AHA 2020 Class I)
MAP ≥65 target post-ROSC; vasopressor titration (AHA 2020 Class IIa; SOAP-II PMID 20200382)
TTM 33 °C × 24h favoured per HYPERION in non-shockable rhythm (PMID 31532382)
Avoid hyperoxia: SpO2 92-98% (AHA 2020 Class IIa)
* = hard-required. Engine cannot meaningfully run until these are filled.
Severity triggers (5)
- informationallife_threateningreversible_cause_severe_hyperkalemiaK >6.5 + ECG changes (peaked T, wide QRS) — reversible cause of PEA/asystole (AHA 2020 Class I)Trigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationallife_threateningcardiogenic_shock_post_rosc_non_shockablePost-ROSC SBP <90 + lactate ≥2 — massive MI causing PEA arrest + ongoing cardiogenic shock (SCAI 2022 stage C+)Trigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationalseverepersistent_low_cpc_at_72hGCS motor ≤2 off sedation + status myoclonus + bilateral absent N20 SSEP + diffuse anoxic injury on MRI at ≥72h post-rewarm — multimodal poor neuro prognosis (Sandroni 2021)Trigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationalseverewithdrawal_of_care_timing_72hStructured GOC family meeting at 72h post-rewarm (per AHA 2020 + Sandroni 2021) given baseline poor prognosis in non-shockable cohortTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationalsevereorgan_donation_evaluation_post_wlstWLST decision made + patient meets brain death or DCD criteria → organ-donation evaluation by OPOTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
Workflow calculators
Run this disease's risk and dosing calculators inline.
Recommended regimen
Non-shockable OHCA phenotype — reversible-cause therapy + HYPERION TTM 33 °C + GOC trajectory (AHA 2020 + HYPERION + Sandroni 2021)- norepinephrinefirst linevasopressor0.05 µg/kg/min IV → titrate MAP ≥65 • IV • continuoustriggers: post_rosc_hypotension, sbp_below_90AHA 2020 Class IIa; SOAP-II PMID 20200382 — preferred over dopamine in shockrxcui 7512
- dobutaminesecond lineinotrope_beta12.5 µg/kg/min • IV • continuous; titrate to perfusion + UOPtriggers: low_ci_post_roscAHA 2020; defer if isolated hypotension without low CIrxcui 3616
- propofolfirst linesedative_gaba_a_agonist5-50 µg/kg/min • IV • continuous; titrate RASStriggers: intubated_post_rosc, TTM_activePADIS 2018 PMID 30113379 — preferred sedative for TTMrxcui 8782
- fentanylfirst lineopioid_analgesic25-100 µg IV bolus → 25-200 µg/h infusion • IV • continuoustriggers: intubated_post_rosc, TTM_activePADIS 2018rxcui 4337
- magnesium sulfateadd onelectrolyte_anti_arrhythmic2 g IV q6h scheduled during cooling • IV • q6htriggers: ttm_active, shivering_presentSandroni 2021 — anti-shivering + arrhythmia preventionrxcui 6585
- calcium gluconatefirst lineelectrolyte_membrane_stabilizer1-2 g IV • IV • PRN for hyperK ECG changestriggers: hyperkalemia_with_ecg_changes, reversible_cause_hyperKAHA 2020 Class I — membrane stabilization for hyperK as reversible PEA causerxcui 1908
- insulin regularfirst lineinsulin10 U IV with 50 g D50W • IV • one-time + repeat PRNtriggers: hyperkalemia_K_above_6.5AHA 2020 — intracellular K shift; 30-60 min durationrxcui 253182
- acetaminophenfirst lineanalgesic_antipyretic650-1000 mg PO/IV q6h × 72h post-rewarm • PO/IV • q6h × 72htriggers: post_rewarm_fever_preventionAHA 2020 + Sandroni 2021 — fever prevention × 72h post-rewarmrxcui 161
outpatient playbook — drug actions (2)
- 1. GDMT maintenance for HFrEFrxcui 1656328ARNI + BB + MRA + SGLT2i max tolerated • PO • as scheduledtrigger: HFrEF post-arrestACC/AHA 2022 HF 4-pillar
- 2. high-intensity statin maintenancerxcui 83367atorvastatin 80 mg daily • PO • dailytrigger: CADIMPROVE-IT
Auto-drafted A&P note
outpatientSubjective
- Possible entry pathways: ROSC after PEA or asystole arrest — lower neuro recovery + etiology often non-cardiac (AHA 2020); Non-shockable rhythm + post-ROSC echo or troponin suggesting cardiac cause (massive MI, cardiogenic shock); Reverse Hs and Ts screen required for non-shockable rhythm (AHA 2020 Class I).
Objective
- No vitals, labs, or imaging entered for this encounter.
Assessment
**Post-cardiac-arrest care — initial non-shockable rhythm (PEA/asystole)** (cardio.post-arrest.non-shockable.v1). Phenotype framing: Cardiac (massive MI, cardiogenic shock, tamponade) vs non-cardiac (Hs and Ts: hypoxia / hyperK / acidosis / hypovolemia / hypothermia / hypoglycemia / tox / tamponade / tension PTX / coronary thrombosis / pulmonary thrombosis / trauma) (AHA 2020) Scope: Initial non-shockable-rhythm (PEA/asystole) cohort: baseline poor prognosis; etiology often non-cardiac (Hs and Ts) but cardiac causes occur; HYPERION supports TTM 33 °C; goals-of-care discussion typically at 72h No severity triggers fired against current inputs.
Plan
Regimen axis: **Non-shockable OHCA phenotype — reversible-cause therapy + HYPERION TTM 33 °C + GOC trajectory (AHA 2020 + HYPERION + Sandroni 2021)**. 1. norepinephrine 0.05 µg/kg/min IV → titrate MAP ≥65 IV continuous (vasopressor, first line) — AHA 2020 Class IIa; SOAP-II PMID 20200382 — preferred over dopamine in shock 2. dobutamine 2.5 µg/kg/min IV continuous; titrate to perfusion + UOP (inotrope_beta1, second line) — AHA 2020; defer if isolated hypotension without low CI 3. propofol 5-50 µg/kg/min IV continuous; titrate RASS (sedative_gaba_a_agonist, first line) — PADIS 2018 PMID 30113379 — preferred sedative for TTM 4. fentanyl 25-100 µg IV bolus → 25-200 µg/h infusion IV continuous (opioid_analgesic, first line) — PADIS 2018 5. magnesium sulfate 2 g IV q6h scheduled during cooling IV q6h (electrolyte_anti_arrhythmic, add on) — Sandroni 2021 — anti-shivering + arrhythmia prevention 6. calcium gluconate 1-2 g IV IV PRN for hyperK ECG changes (electrolyte_membrane_stabilizer, first line) — AHA 2020 Class I — membrane stabilization for hyperK as reversible PEA cause 7. insulin regular 10 U IV with 50 g D50W IV one-time + repeat PRN (insulin, first line) — AHA 2020 — intracellular K shift; 30-60 min duration 8. acetaminophen 650-1000 mg PO/IV q6h × 72h post-rewarm PO/IV q6h × 72h (analgesic_antipyretic, first line) — AHA 2020 + Sandroni 2021 — fever prevention × 72h post-rewarm Setting playbook (outpatient) — Long-term cognitive + cardiac surveillance for survivors; GDMT maintenance; mental health; caregiver support; ICD/WCD management if applicable 9. GDMT maintenance for HFrEF ARNI + BB + MRA + SGLT2i max tolerated PO as scheduled — HFrEF post-arrest (ACC/AHA 2022 HF 4-pillar) 10. high-intensity statin maintenance atorvastatin 80 mg daily PO daily — CAD (IMPROVE-IT) Non-pharmacologic actions: - Cardiac rehab maintenance phase (modified if cognitive limitations) - Caregiver respite resources - Family CPR/AED training - Driving restriction per state law AVOID / contraindication checks: - Hypothermia_avoid_pre_ROSC_cooling (ARCTIC) - Hyperoxia_avoid_post_rosc (AHA 2020 Class IIa: SpO2 92 98%) - Hyperthermia_avoid_post_rewarm × 72h (Sandroni 2021) - Hyperventilation_avoid_post_rosc (target PaCO2 35 45)
Monitoring
Regimen monitoring: - continuous ecg telemetry (AHA 2020 Class I) - arterial line + MAP q1min during pressor titration - core temperature continuous via bladder or esophageal probe (HYPERION 33 °C target) - lactate q2-4h until normalized (SCAI 2022) - BMP q6-12h + Mg + Phos + ionized Ca (AHA 2020) - continuous EEG for 24-48h (Sandroni 2021) - NSE at 24h 48h 72h (Sandroni 2021) - SSEP N20 bilateral at 72h after rewarm (Sandroni 2021) - MRI brain days 2-7 (Sandroni 2021) - structured family meeting at 72h for GOC review (AHA 2020 Class I) Setting (outpatient) monitoring: - Quarterly BP + weight + symptom score - Annual ECG ± Holter if structural disease - Annual echo if HFrEF Follow-up plan: For survivors with meaningful recovery: cardiology + EP follow-up if structural disease; LVEF reassessment for ICD eligibility; cardiac rehab; mental health; significant cognitive impairment common post non-shockable arrest (AHA 2020 Class I) - Close-out criterion: cards + EP + cognitive + mental-health follow-up booked OR organ-donation evaluation completed if appropriate Monitoring phase: Continuous telemetry + arterial line + central line + Foley; lactate q2-4h; BMP q6-12h; multimodal neuroprog ≥72h post-rewarm (Sandroni ERC-ESICM 2021 PMID 33745427); structured GOC family meeting at 72h given baseline poor prognosis
Disposition
Current setting: outpatient — Long-term cognitive + cardiac surveillance for survivors; GDMT maintenance; mental health; caregiver support; ICD/WCD management if applicable Disposition criteria: - Long-term continuation; cross-link to cardio.hf.core.v1 if HFrEF persists Escalation triggers (move to higher acuity): - New cognitive decline → mental health + neuropsych - Worsening HF → advanced HF eval - Caregiver burnout → palliative + social work
Earlier-Return Triggers
Return-precaution thresholds (watch for): - [LIFE_THREATENING] K >6.5 + ECG changes (peaked T, wide QRS) — reversible cause of PEA/asystole (AHA 2020 Class I) - [LIFE_THREATENING] Post-ROSC SBP <90 + lactate ≥2 — massive MI causing PEA arrest + ongoing cardiogenic shock (SCAI 2022 stage C+) - [SEVERE] GCS motor ≤2 off sedation + status myoclonus + bilateral absent N20 SSEP + diffuse anoxic injury on MRI at ≥72h post-rewarm — multimodal poor neuro prognosis (Sandroni 2021)
Citations
- 2020 AHA ACLS / Post-Cardiac-Arrest Care + 2021 ERC-ESICM Post-Resuscitation Guideline [PMID:33081530](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33081530/) - Cited evidence (PMID 31532382) [PMID:31532382](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31532382/) - Cited evidence (PMID 33745427) [PMID:33745427](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33745427/) - Cited evidence (PMID 26491110) [PMID:26491110](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26491110/) - Cited evidence (PMID 16424733) [PMID:16424733](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16424733/) Last reconciled with current guidelines: 2026-05-14.
- 2020 AHA ACLS / Post-Cardiac-Arrest Care + 2021 ERC-ESICM Post-Resuscitation Guideline — PMID:33081530
- Cited evidence (PMID 31532382) — PMID:31532382
- Cited evidence (PMID 33745427) — PMID:33745427
- Cited evidence (PMID 26491110) — PMID:26491110
- Cited evidence (PMID 16424733) — PMID:16424733