Colorectal cancer (core)
Encounter flow
12/12 authoredCanonical 12-phase frame with authored status for this dossier.
Frame
Determine scope: screening vs polyp vs newly-confirmed CRC vs metastatic; colon vs rectum (rectal triggers MRI + TNT pathway) (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026)
Scope identified with anatomic site (colon vs rectum) (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026)
Patient inputs (15)
MMR-IHC + MSI-PCR; MSI-H drives ICI first-line eligibility and Lynch screening
Hereditary syndrome risk drives germline testing and earlier screening cadence (NCCN germline 2024)
Performance status drives FOLFOXIRI fitness, surgical candidacy, palliative-vs-curative intent
BSA for cytotoxic dosing (Mosteller)
BSA computation
Screening eligibility (USPSTF 2021), surgical candidacy, IDEA adjuvant duration banding
Diagnostic gold standard; lesion biopsy + tattoo + synchronous-polyp survey
Staging — visceral/nodal metastases; AJCC stage assignment
Baseline CEA for post-treatment surveillance trending (NCCN Colon 2026)
Baseline cytopenias affect chemo dose intensity
Hepatic function for chemo dosing + irinotecan UGT1A1 considerations
Renal function for oxaliplatin/capecitabine dosing + contrast staging
Molecular panel drives first-line anti-EGFR vs anti-VEGF, BEACON triplet, MOUNTAINEER, and TRK inhibitor eligibility
KRAS WT left-sided primary derives greater benefit from anti-EGFR vs anti-VEGF first-line (CALGB/SWOG 80405)
Rectal cancer only — CRM, mesorectal nodes, T-staging for TNT vs surgical-first decision
* = hard-required. Engine cannot meaningfully run until these are filled.
Severity triggers (5)
- informationallife_threateninglarge_bowel_obstruction_or_perforationObstructing or perforating CRC — closed-loop large-bowel obstruction, free air on imaging, faecal peritonitisTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationallife_threateninglower_gi_massive_hemorrhageMassive lower-GI bleed from CRC with hemodynamic instability or transfusion >4uTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationallife_threateningbevacizumab_gastrointestinal_perforationAcute abdomen + free air on imaging in a patient on bevacizumab — GI perforationTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationalsevereoxaliplatin_grade_3_neuropathyPersistent grade 3 peripheral neuropathy interfering with ADLsTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
- informationalseveresevere_irae_on_ici_msi_hGrade >=3 irAE on ICI (especially dual nivo+ipi) — colitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis, myocarditis, severe endocrinopathyTrigger could not be auto-evaluated — needs clinician judgement.
Workflow calculators
Run this disease's risk and dosing calculators inline.
Recommended regimen
Adjuvant stage III colon — IDEA-driven FOLFOX/CAPOX duration- fluorouracilfirst linefluoropyrimidine400 mg/m2 bolus + 2400 mg/m2 over 46h • IV • q2w x 12 cycles (FOLFOX-6)triggers: adjuvant_stage_iii_t4_or_n2_high_riskMOSAIC + IDEA — FOLFOX backbone for high-risk stage III (T4 or N2) x 6 monthsrxcui 4492
- leucovorinfirst linefolinate400 mg/m2 • IV • q2w with 5-FUtriggers: adjuvant_5fu_modulator5-FU modulator in FOLFOXrxcui 6313
- oxaliplatinfirst lineplatinum_alkylating85 mg/m2 • IV • q2w x 12 cyclestriggers: adjuvant_high_risk_t4_or_n2Oxaliplatin partner for high-risk stage III; cumulative neurotoxicity monitorrxcui 32592
- capecitabinefirst linefluoropyrimidine1000 mg/m2 • PO • BID days 1-14 q3w x 4 cycles (CAPOX 3 months)triggers: adjuvant_stage_iii_low_risk_t1_3_n1IDEA (Grothey NEJM 2018 PMID 29590544) — CAPOX 3 months non-inferior to 6 months in low-risk stage IIIrxcui 194000
Auto-drafted A&P note
Subjective
- Possible entry pathways: Positive FIT or stool-DNA test on screening (USPSTF 2021); Polyp/mass identified at colonoscopy requiring biopsy or referral (USMSTF 2020); Rectal bleeding, occult-blood-positive anemia, or change in bowel habit (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026).
Objective
- No vitals, labs, or imaging entered for this encounter.
Assessment
**Colorectal cancer (core)** (onc.colorectal-cancer.core.v1). Phenotype framing: Adenocarcinoma (vast majority) vs neuroendocrine vs lymphoma vs metastasis to bowel; hereditary (Lynch/FAP/MUTYH/PJS) vs sporadic; field cancerization in IBD-associated dysplasia (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026) Scope: Determine scope: screening vs polyp vs newly-confirmed CRC vs metastatic; colon vs rectum (rectal triggers MRI + TNT pathway) (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026) No severity triggers fired against current inputs.
Plan
Regimen axis: **Adjuvant stage III colon — IDEA-driven FOLFOX/CAPOX duration**. 1. fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 bolus + 2400 mg/m2 over 46h IV q2w x 12 cycles (FOLFOX-6) (fluoropyrimidine, first line) — MOSAIC + IDEA — FOLFOX backbone for high-risk stage III (T4 or N2) x 6 months 2. leucovorin 400 mg/m2 IV q2w with 5-FU (folinate, first line) — 5-FU modulator in FOLFOX 3. oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 IV q2w x 12 cycles (platinum_alkylating, first line) — Oxaliplatin partner for high-risk stage III; cumulative neurotoxicity monitor 4. capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 PO BID days 1-14 q3w x 4 cycles (CAPOX 3 months) (fluoropyrimidine, first line) — IDEA (Grothey NEJM 2018 PMID 29590544) — CAPOX 3 months non-inferior to 6 months in low-risk stage III AVOID / contraindication checks: - Oxaliplatin_hold_grade_2_3_neuropathy - Capecitabine_dose_reduce_creatinine_clearance_below_50 - 5fu_DPD_deficiency_screen_before_starting (fluorouracil) - Capecitabine_hand_foot_syndrome_dose_hold_grade_3
Monitoring
Regimen monitoring: - CBC LFT pre each cycle - oxaliplatin neuropathy grading each visit - CEA baseline then q3 6mo - surveillance colonoscopy at 1 year post resection Follow-up plan: NCCN survivorship intervals; Lynch cascade-testing for family if MMR-deficient; high-risk syndrome surveillance (annual EGD/colonoscopy for FAP, gynae screening for Lynch); long-term oxaliplatin neuropathy management; bowel-habit + ostomy care (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026) - Close-out criterion: Survivorship + cascade-testing + syndrome-surveillance plan documented (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026) Monitoring phase: CEA q3-6 mo x 5 yr post-curative; CT chest/abdomen/pelvis q6-12 mo x 3 yr for high-risk resected; surveillance colonoscopy at 1 yr then per polyp/USMSTF 2020 intervals; oxaliplatin neuropathy monitoring; on-ICI irAE TSH/LFT/glucose q2-4 wk (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026)
Disposition
Disposition phase: Outpatient infusion suite for systemic therapy; inpatient for surgery (laparoscopic/robotic colectomy or TME for rectal), bowel obstruction relief, neutropenic fever, severe irAE, palliative escalation (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026) - Advance when: Care setting + treatment timeline established (NCCN Colon/Rectal 2026)
Earlier-Return Triggers
Return-precaution thresholds (watch for): - [LIFE_THREATENING] Obstructing or perforating CRC — closed-loop large-bowel obstruction, free air on imaging, faecal peritonitis - [LIFE_THREATENING] Massive lower-GI bleed from CRC with hemodynamic instability or transfusion >4u - [LIFE_THREATENING] Acute abdomen + free air on imaging in a patient on bevacizumab — GI perforation
Citations
- NCCN Colon 2026 + NCCN Rectal 2026 + USPSTF 2021 CRC screening + ASCO 2022 metastatic [PMID:29590544](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29590544/) - Cited evidence (PMID 31566309) [PMID:31566309](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31566309/) - Cited evidence (PMID 33264544) [PMID:33264544](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33264544/) - Cited evidence (PMID 34637336) [PMID:34637336](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34637336/) - Cited evidence (PMID 39602630) [PMID:39602630](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39602630/) Last reconciled with current guidelines: 2026-05-26.
- NCCN Colon 2026 + NCCN Rectal 2026 + USPSTF 2021 CRC screening + ASCO 2022 metastatic — PMID:29590544
- Cited evidence (PMID 31566309) — PMID:31566309
- Cited evidence (PMID 33264544) — PMID:33264544
- Cited evidence (PMID 34637336) — PMID:34637336
- Cited evidence (PMID 39602630) — PMID:39602630